LNMP网站架构分离+NFS

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-25 22:21:18 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-11-25 22:21:18 发布

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分类专栏： Linux系列文章标签： nginx mysql linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45191791/article/details/106908083

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LNMP网站架构分离

环境：

LNMP：192.168.1.11
MySQL：192.168.1.10
PHP：192.168.1.12
Nginx-web-1 ：192.168.1.100
Nginx-web-2：192.168.1.102
lb（nginx负载均衡）：192.168.1.101
NFS：192.168.1.103

一、实现MySQl数据库迁移

（1）另起一台centos7，安装mysql，并且修改mysql的密码

[root@MySQL ~]# rpm -ivh http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
[root@MySQL ~]# yum install mysql-community-server -y
[root@MySQL ~]# systemctl start  mysqld
[root@MySQL ~]# systemctl enable  mysqld
[root@MySQL ~]# mysql_secure_installation   //设置root密码为123.com

（2）把原LNMP服务器上的数据库文件导出并发送到新安装的myql服务器

[root@lnmp ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p --all-databases > `date +%F%H`-mysql-all.sql
Enter password:    //lnmp服务器mysql的密码
[root@lnmp ~]# ls
2020-06-2216-mysql-all.sql
									LNMP服务器
[root@lnmp ~]# scp  -rp 2020-06-2216-mysql-all.sql  root@192.168.1.10:/
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.10 (192.168.1.10)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:sJkYoY2zxGP2sh3mmb/cpDkn3SwjpxqJ3On1SsXvcvs.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:96:1d:bc:3a:86:49:0d:9f:69:56:01:83:14:f5:90:ba.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.10' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.1.10's password: 
Permission denied, please try again.
root@192.168.1.10's password: 
2020-06-2216-mysql-all.sql                                             100% 1231KB  23.3MB/s   00:00  
							mysql服务器
[root@MySQL ~]# cd /
[root@MySQL /]# ls
2020-06-2216-mysql-all.sql  boot  etc   lib    media  mysql  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
bin                         dev   home  lib64  mnt    opt    root  sbin  sys  usr

（3）在新的mysql服务器上导入数据库文件

[root@MySQL /]# mysql -u root -p < 2020-06-2216-mysql-all.sql 
Enter password: 
[root@MySQL /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
mysql> show databases;  //数据导入成功
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| zh                 |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

（4）在新mysql服务器上创建同名管理用户和密码

[root@MySQL /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 

mysql> grant all on blog.* to wangwu@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123.com';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

（5）在LNMP服务器上修改知乎（zh）的配置文件，重新指定数据库服务器ip

[root@lnmp ~]# cd /zh/				//切换到blog网页根目录
[root@lnmp zh]# grep  -R 123.com 	//搜索保存密码的配置文件位置
system/config/database.php:  'password' => '123.com',
[root@lnmp zh]# vim system/config/database.php 
<?php
$config['charset'] = 'utf8mb4';
$config['prefix'] = 'aws_';
$config['driver'] = 'MySQLi';
$config['master'] = array (
  'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
  'host' => '192.168.1.10',		//新MySQL主机ip
  'username' => 'wangwu',  	//MySQL数据库用户名
  'password' => '123.com',   	//MySQL数据库密码 
  'dbname' => 'zh',   	 //数据库的名称 
);
$config['slave'] = false;

（6）把LNMP上的MySQL服务关闭，仍可以访问到页面，表示mysql分离成功

[root@LNMP ~]# systemctl stop mysqld

$[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-8e44fsZ9-1592823886686)(C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\lnmp\1.png)]$

二、实现PHP拆分

（1）启动一台centos7，安装php

[root@PHP ~]# rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
Retrieving https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.vn0VNk: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:epel-release-7-12                ################################# [100%]
[root@PHP ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
Retrieving https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.8A5yj5: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 62e74ca5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:webtatic-release-7-3             ################################# [100%]
[root@PHP ~]#  yum -y install php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72w-embedded php72w-gd php72w-mbstring php72w-pdo php72w-xml php72w-fpm php72w-mysqlnd php72w-opcache
[root@PHP ~]# systemctl start php-fpm.service

（2）修改LNMP服务器上的配置文件，重新指向新的php服务器

[root@LNMP ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/zh.conf 
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name zh.benet.com;
        root /zh/;
        index index.php index.html;

        location ~ \.php$ {
                root /zh/;
                fastcgi_pass 192.168.1.12:9000;   //新PHP的IP
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                include fastcgi_params;
        }
	}
[root@LNMP ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@LNMP ~]# systemctl restart nginx

（3）修改php服务器的配置文件

[root@PHP ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
定位并修改为：
listen = 192.168.1.12:9000
listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.1.11
[root@PHP ~]#  systemctl restart php-fpm.service

（4）从LNMP服务器复制知乎（zh）的安装目录到php服务器

[root@LNMP ~]# scp -rp /zh/ root@192.168.1.12:/


[root@PHP /]# ls
bin   dev  home  lib64  mnt  php   root  sbin  sys  usr  zh
boot  etc  lib   media  opt  proc  run   srv   tmp  var

（5）LNMP服务器关闭php，客户端验证访问

[root@LNMP ~]# systemctl stop  php-fpm.service

$[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-VrYrFQ5r-1592823886688)(C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\lnmp\2.png)]$

三、实现nginx负载均衡

（1）web-1 和web-2安装Nginx(步骤一样)

[root@web-1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@web-1 ~]#  yum -y install nginx
[root@web-1 ~]# systemctl start  nginx

（2）把LNMP上的nginx的配置复制到web-1和web-2服务器上。

[root@LNMP ~]# scp -rp /etc/nginx/* root@192.168.1.100:/etc/nginx/
[root@LNMP ~]# scp -rp /etc/nginx/* root@192.168.1.102:/etc/nginx/

（3）把LNMP上网页源码复制到web-1和web-2上。

[root@LNMP ~]# scp -rp /zh/ root@192.168.1.100:/
[root@LNMP ~]# scp -rp /zh/ root@192.168.1.102:/

（4）重启服务

[root@web-1 /]# systemctl restart nginx
[root@web-2 /]# systemctl restart nginx

（5）搭建nginx负载均衡

另起一台服务器

[root@lb ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@lb ~]#  yum -y install nginx
[root@lb ~]# systemctl start  nginx

（6）配置负载均衡

[root@lb ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/lb.conf
upstream webcluster {
        server 192.168.1.100:80;
        server 192.168.1.102:80;
}
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name blog.benet.com;

        location / {
                proxy_pass      http://webcluster;
                proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
}
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name zh.benet.com;

        location / {
                proxy_pass      http://webcluster;
                proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
}

（7）更改php服务器上的配置文件

[root@PHP ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
定位：
listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.1.11
修改为：
listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.1.100，192.168.1.102
[root@PHP ~]# systemctl restart php-fpm.service

（8）重启服务，更改Client的hosts文件，验证访问

[root@lb ~]# systemctl restart nginx
						Client
[root@Client ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.101  zh.benet.com

$[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-ft6fp0fa-1592823886690)(C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\lnmp\3.png)]$

（9）lb和web服务器查看日志

[root@lb ~]# tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log 
192.168.1.130 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/common/avatar-mid-img.png HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "-"
192.168.1.130 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/css/default/img/logo.png HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/static/css/default/common.css?v=20191022" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "-"
192.168.1.130 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/css/default/img/bg.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/static/css/default/common.css?v=20191022" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "-"

web1

[root@web-1 /]# tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log 
192.168.1.101 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/js/laydate/theme/default/laydate.css?v=5.0.9 HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "192.168.1.130"
192.168.1.101 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/common/avatar-mid-img.png HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "192.168.1.130"
192.168.1.101 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/css/default/img/logo.png HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/static/css/default/common.css?v=20191022" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "192.168.1.130"

web2

[root@web-2 /]# tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log 
192.168.1.101 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/js/layer/theme/default/layer.css?v=3.1.1 HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "192.168.1.130"
192.168.1.101 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/css/default/img/default_class_imgs.png HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "192.168.1.130"
192.168.1.101 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:16 +0800] "GET /static/css/default/img/bg.gif HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "http://zh.benet.com/static/css/default/common.css?v=20191022" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "192.168.1.130"
192.168.1.101 - - [22/Jun/2020:18:30:44 +0800] "GET /?/crond/run/1592821821 HTTP/1.0" 200 0 "http://zh.benet.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0" "192.168.1.130"

四、拓展（NFS）

搭建nfs共享服务器，把网站静态元素通过挂载方式放在nfs上

（1）开启一台centos7，安装nfs-utils、rpcbind，并且在web服务器也安装。

[root@nfs ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils  rpcbind

（2）创建挂载点

[root@nfs ~]# mkdir -p /nfs/zh

（3）发布共享目录

[root@nfs ~]# vim /etc/exports
/nfs/zh         192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash)

（4）重启nfs服务

[root@nfs ~]# systemctl restart rpcbind.service 
[root@nfs ~]# systemctl restart nfs

（5）在nginx服务器上查看nfs共享目录并把知乎（zh）挂载到NFS。

[root@web-1 /]# showmount   -e 192.168.1.103
Export list for 192.168.1.103:
/nfs/zh   192.168.1.0/24
[root@web-2 /]# showmount   -e 192.168.1.103
Export list for 192.168.1.103:
/nfs/zh   192.168.1.0/24

					web服务器
[root@web-1 system]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.103:/nfs/zh /yonghu/system/
[root@web-2 system]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.103:/nfs/zh /yonghu/system/

（6）Client访问

在这里插入图片描述

有趣的灵魂！

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LNMP网站架构分离+NFS

LNMP网站架构分离环境：LNMP：192.168.1.11MySQL：192.168.1.10PHP：192.168.1.12Nginx-web-1 ：192.168.1.100Nginx-web-2：192.168.1.102lb（nginx负载均衡）：192.168.1.101NFS：192.168.1.103一、实现MySQl数据库迁移（1）另起一台centos7，安装mysql，并且修改mysql的密码[root@MySQL ~]# rpm -ivh http://r
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