python网络编程之socket

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socket

OSI七层模型
TCP/IP四层模型：
应用层–>http,ftp,telnet,smtp
传输层–>tcp/udp
网际层（ip）–>ip数据包分组，路由选择
网络接口层–>数据帧发送接收，处理物理信号

socket 套接字是对TCP/IP网络模型封装，可以简单的实现计算机网络中两台主机的通信
常用的地址簇:family
socket.AF_INET ipv4
socket.AF_INET6 ipv6
常用的传输协议类型type
socket.SOCK_STREAM TCP
socket.SOCK_DGRAM UDP
TCP传输：面向连接的、可靠的、字节流的传输协议
UDP传输：无连接、不可靠的、数据报的传输

socket实现基于TCP的循环服务模型

#server.py
import socket
#instantiate server socket
server=socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET,type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
#release the port as soon as the programme is closed on server side
server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1)

#bind
server.bind(("localhost",8000))
server.listen(5)

while True:
	print("waiting a connection...")
	conn,addr=server.accept()
	print("connection from:",addr)
	#recv data bytes
	while True:
		data=conn.recv(1024)
		if not data:
			print("client disconnect")
			conn.close()
			break
			
		print("recv data:",data.decode())
		conn.send(b"OK")

#client.py
import socket
client=socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET,type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
client.connect(("localhost",8000))
while True:
	msg=input("input msg>>")
	if not msg:
		continue
	elif msg in ("exit","quit","q"):
		break
	else:
		client.send(msg.encode())
		data=client.recv(1024)
		print(data.decode())
client.close()

socket实现基于UDP的循环服务模型

#server.py
import socket
server=socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET,type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server.bind(("localhost",8000))
while True:
	try:
		data,addr=server.recvfrom(1024)
		print("recv data:",data.decode())
		server.sendto(b"OK",addr)
	except KeyboardInterrupt:
		break
server.close()

#client.py
import socket
client=socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET,type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
ADDR=("localhost",8000)
while True:
	msg=input(">>")
	if not msg:
		continue
	elif msg in ("exit","quit","q"):
		break
	else:
		client.sendto(msg.encode(),ADDR)
		data,addr=client.recvfrom(1024)
		print(data.decode())
client.close()