Java 生成验证码图片

平时做项目中，可能会用到验证码，下面介绍生成码的两种的方式。

一、生成数字验证码图片

创建工具类  ( CheckUtils.java )

package com.easypan.utils;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;

//生成验证码，并将验证码存入session中，以ip为key
public class CheckCodeUtils {
    public static BufferedImage getCheckCode(HttpServletRequest request, String ip){
        int width = 60 , height = 30;
        //创建一个图像，宽60 高30
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
        Random random = new Random();
        g.setColor(getRandomColor(200,250));
        g.fillRect(0,0,width,height);
        g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN,18));
        g.setColor(getRandomColor(160,200));
        //干扰线生成
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(width);
            int y = random.nextInt(height);
            int xl = random.nextInt(12);
            int yl = random.nextInt(12);
            g.drawLine(x,y,x+xl,y+yl);
        }
        String strCode = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            String strNumber = String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
            strCode = strCode+strNumber;
            //设置字体颜色
            g.drawString(strNumber,13*i+6,20);
        }
        System.out.println("当前ip"+ip);
        System.out.println("当前验证码"+strCode);
        request.getSession().setAttribute(ip,strCode);
        g.dispose();
        return image;
    }


    /**
     * 随机获取颜色的方法
     * @return
     */
    public static Color getRandomColor (int fc , int bc){
        Random random = new Random();
        Color reandomColor = null;
        if(fc > 255){
            fc = 255;
        }
        if(bc > 255){
            bc = 255;
        }
        int r =fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc);
        reandomColor = new Color(r,g,b);
        return reandomColor;
    }

}

使用

 @GetMapping("/checkCode")
    @ApiOperation(value="获取验证码 - 数字",produces = "application/octet-stream")
    public void getCheckCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        response.setHeader("Pragma","No-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control","No-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires",0);
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        String ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
        BufferedImage image = CheckCodeUtils.getCheckCode(request, ip);
        ImageIO.write(image,"jpeg",response.getOutputStream());
        response.getOutputStream().flush();
        response.getOutputStream().close();
    }

效果图

 

二、生成 数字+字母 验证码图片

创建工具类 （ CreateImageCode.java ）

package com.easypan.utils;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Random;

public class CreateImageCode {
    //图片的宽度
    private int width = 160;
    //图片的高度
    private int height = 40;
    //验证码字符个数
    private int codeCount=4;
    //验证码干扰线数
    private int lineCount=20;
    //验证码
    private String code=null;
    //验证码图片buffer
    private BufferedImage buffImg=null;
    //创建一个生成随机数对象
    Random random = new Random();
    //构造函数
    public CreateImageCode(){
        creatImage();
    }
    public CreateImageCode(int width,int height){
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
        creatImage();
    }
    public CreateImageCode(int width,int height,int codeCount){
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
        this.codeCount = codeCount;
        creatImage();
    }
    public CreateImageCode(int width,int height,int codeCount,int lineCount){
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
        this.codeCount = codeCount;
        this.lineCount = lineCount;
        creatImage();
    }

    //生成图片
    private void creatImage(){
        //字体的宽度
        int fontWidth = width / codeCount;
        //字体的高度
        int fontHeight = height - 5;
        int codeY = height - 8;
        //图像buff
        buffImg = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics g = buffImg.getGraphics();
        //设置背景色
        g.setColor(getRandColor(200,250));
        g.fillRect(0,0,width,height);
        //设置字体
        Font font = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.BOLD, fontHeight);
        g.setFont(font);
        //设置干扰线
        for(int i=0;i<lineCount;i++){
            int xs = random.nextInt(width);
            int ys = random.nextInt(height);
            int xe = xs + random.nextInt(width);
            int ye = ys + random.nextInt(height);
            g.setColor(getRandColor(1,255));
            g.drawLine(xs,ys,xe,ye);
        }
        //添加噪点
        float yawpRate = 0.01f;//噪声率
        int area =(int) (yawpRate * width * height);
        for (int i=0;i<area;i++){
            int x = random.nextInt(width);
            int y = random.nextInt(height);
            buffImg.setRGB(x,y,random.nextInt(255));
        }
        String str1 = randomStr(codeCount);//得到随机字符
        this.code = str1;
        for (int i=0;i<codeCount;i++){
            String strRand = str1.substring(i,i+1);
            g.setColor(getRandColor(1,255));
            //g.drawString(str,x,y)  ----  str:为要画出来的东西；x 和 y ：表示要画的东西最左则字符的基线位于此图形上下文坐标系的 （x,y）位置处
            g.drawString(strRand,i * fontWidth + 3,codeY);
        }
    }

    //得到随机字符
    private String randomStr(int n){
        String str1 = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567990";
        String str2 = "";
        int len = str1.length() - 1;
        double r;
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
            r = (Math.random()) * len;
            str2 = str2 + str1.charAt((int) r);
        }
        return str2;
    }

    //得到随机颜色
    private Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc){
        if (fc>255) fc = 255;
        if (bc>255) bc = 255;
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc);
        return new Color(r,g,b);
    }

    //产生随机字体
    private Font getFont(int size){
        Random random = new Random();
        Font font[] = new Font[5];
        font[0] = new Font("Ravie",Font.PLAIN,size);
        font[1] = new Font("Antique Olive Compact",Font.PLAIN,size);
        font[2] = new Font("Fixedsys",Font.PLAIN,size);
        font[3] = new Font("Wide Latin",Font.PLAIN,size);
        font[4] = new Font("Gill Sans Ultra Bold",Font.PLAIN,size);
        return font[random.nextInt(5)];
    }

    //扭曲方法
    private void shear(Graphics g,int wl,int hl,Color color){
        shearX(g,wl,hl,color);
        shearY(g,wl,hl,color);
    }

    private void shearX(Graphics g, int wl, int hl, Color color) {
        int period = random.nextInt(2);
        boolean borderGap = true;
        int frames = 1;
        int phase = random.nextInt(2);
        for (int i = 0; i < hl; i++) {
            double d = (double) (period >> 1)
                    * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
                    + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
                    / (double) frames);
            g.copyArea(0, i, wl, 1, (int) d, 0);
            if (borderGap) {
                g.setColor(color);
                g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
                g.drawLine((int) d + wl, i, wl, i);
            }
        }

    }

    private void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
        int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
        boolean borderGap = true;
        int frames = 20;
        int phase = 7;
        for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
            double d = (double) (period >> 1)
                    * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
                    + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
                    / (double) frames);
            g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
            if (borderGap) {
                g.setColor(color);
                g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
                g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
            }
        }
    }

    public void write(OutputStream os){
       try {
           ImageIO.write(buffImg,"png",os);
           os.close();
       }catch (Exception e){
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
    }
    public String getCode(){
        return code.toLowerCase();
    }

}

使用

 @GetMapping("/getCode")
    @ApiOperation(value="获取验证码 - 字母+数字",produces = "application/octet-stream")
    public void getCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session,Integer type) throws IOException {
        CreateImageCode imageCode = new CreateImageCode(130,38,5,10);
        response.setHeader("Pragma","No-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control","No-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires",0);
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        String code = imageCode.getCode();
        imageCode.write(response.getOutputStream());
    }

效果图