Java并发框架-Fork-Join框架

一、三种并发概念的提出时间：

• Java2—多线程
• Java5—Executor框架
• Java7—Fork-Join框架

二、Fork-Join简介

• Java7提供的一种并行框架：分解、治理、合并(分治编程)
• 适合用于整体任务量不好确定的场合(最小任务可确定)
• 关键类：
  - ForkJoinPool 创建任务池对象
  - RecursiveAction 父类
  - RecursiveTask

三、案例

利用Fork-Join框架，计算[1,10000000]区间内所有整数的和
主方法

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.concurrent.RecursiveTask;

//分任务求和
public class SumTask extends RecursiveTask<Long> {
	
	private int start;
	private int end;

	public SumTask(int start, int end) {
		this.start = start;
		this.end = end;
	}

	public static final int threadhold = 5;

	//计算的方法
	@Override
	protected Long compute() {
		Long sum = 0L;
		
		// 1.如果任务足够小, 就直接执行
		boolean canCompute = (end - start) <= threadhold;
		if (canCompute) {
			for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
				sum = sum + i;				
			}
		} else {
			// 2.任务大于阈值, 调用SumTask方法，分裂为2个任务
			int middle = (start + end) / 2;
			SumTask subTask1 = new SumTask(start, middle);
			SumTask subTask2 = new SumTask(middle + 1, end);

			invokeAll(subTask1, subTask2);

			Long sum1 = subTask1.join();
			Long sum2 = subTask2.join();

			// 结果合并
			sum = sum1 + sum2;
		}
		return sum;
	}
}

分解任务的方法SumTest

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;
import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask;

//分任务求和
public class SumTest {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        //创建执行线程池
    	ForkJoinPool pool = new ForkJoinPool();
    	//ForkJoinPool pool = new ForkJoinPool(4);
    	
    	//创建任务
        SumTask task = new SumTask(1, 10000000);
        
        //提交任务
        ForkJoinTask<Long> result = pool.submit(task);
        
        //等待结果
        do {
			System.out.printf("Main: Thread Count: %d\n",pool.getActiveThreadCount());
			System.out.printf("Main: Paralelism: %d\n",pool.getParallelism());
			try {
				Thread.sleep(50);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		} while (!task.isDone());
        
        //输出结果
        System.out.println(result.get().toString());
    }
}

运行结果

Main: Thread Count: 1
Main: Paralelism: 4
Main: Thread Count: 4
Main: Paralelism: 4
50000005000000