RabitMQ之直联交换机

1.直连交换机：Direct Exchange

直连交换机是一种带路由功能的交换机，一个队列会和一个交换机绑定，除此之外再绑定一个routing_key，当消息被发送的时候，需要指定一个binding_key， 这个消息被送达交换机的时候，就会被这个交换机送到指定的队列里面去。同样的一个binding_key也是支持应用到多个队列中的。
直连交换机适用场景
有优先级的任务，根据任务的优先级把消息发送到对应的队列，这样可以指派更多的资源去处理高优先级的队列。

交换机的工作流程

dome

1.生产者模块//消息队列和直连交换机绑定

package com.zking.provider.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration//代替xml配置文件
public class RabbitmqDirectConfig {
    @Bean//<bean id="directQueue1"></bean>
    public Queue directQueue1() {//创建一个队列
        return new Queue("directQueue1", true);//true 持久化消息
    }


    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchange1(){//创建一个交换机
        return new DirectExchange("directExchange1");
    }


    @Bean
    public Binding BindingDirectQueue1 (){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue1()).to(directExchange1()).with("directQueue1_route");
    }

}

2.生产者生产消息

package com.zking.provider.controller;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
public class MsgSendController {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/send1")
    public String send1() {
        Map<String, Object> map = getMap();
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("directExchange1", "directQueue1_route", map);
        return "ok";
    }

    /**
     * 创建消息对应的模拟数据，它是一个Map集合
     */
    private Map<String, Object> getMap() {
        String messageId = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
        String messageData = "test message, Hello!";
        String createTime = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));

        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("messageId", messageId);
        map.put("messageData", messageData);
        map.put("createTime", createTime);
        return map;
    }
}

3.消费者消费消息

package com.zking.consumer.mq;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Map;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "directQueue1")
public class DirectReceiver {
    //处理消息
    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(Map map) {
        System.out.println("DirectReceiver收到消息: " + map);
    }
}