工具类--图片验证码的实现

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-12 13:10:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-06-12 13:10:39 发布

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分类专栏： springboot 文章标签： html spring boot java intellij idea

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45386898/article/details/115026400

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文章目录

第一种方法
谷歌验证码

第一种方法

新建一个包utils
新建一个java类ValidateImageCodeUtils

package com.li.utils;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;

public class ValidateImageCodeUtils {
    /**
     * 验证码难度级别 Simple-数字 Medium-数字和小写字母 Hard-数字和大小写字母
     */
    public enum SecurityCodeLevel {
        Simple, Medium, Hard
    }

    ;

    /**
     * 产生默认验证码，4位中等难度
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static String getSecurityCode() {
        return getSecurityCode(4, SecurityCodeLevel.Medium, false);
    }

    /**
     * 产生长度和难度任意的验证码
     *
     * @param length
     * @param level
     * @param isCanRepeat
     * @return
     */
    public static String getSecurityCode(int length, SecurityCodeLevel level, boolean isCanRepeat) {
        // 随机抽取len个字符
        int len = length;
        // 字符集合（--除去易混淆的数字0,1,字母l,o,O）
        char[] codes = {
                '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
                'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
                'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'
        };
        // 根据不同难度截取字符串
        if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Simple) {
            codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 10);
        } else if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Medium) {
            codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 36);
        }
        // 字符集和长度
        int n = codes.length;
        // 抛出运行时异常
        if (len > n && isCanRepeat == false) {
            throw new RuntimeException(String.format("调用SecurityCode.getSecurityCode(%1$s,%2$s,%3$s)出现异常，" + "当isCanRepeat为%3$s时，传入参数%1$s不能大于%4$s", len, level, isCanRepeat, n));
        }
        // 存放抽取出来的字符
        char[] result = new char[len];
        // 判断能否出现重复字符
        if (isCanRepeat) {
            for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                // 索引0 and n-1
                int r = (int) (Math.random() * n);
                // 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数值
                result[i] = codes[r];
            }
        } else {
            for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                // 索引0 and n-1
                int r = (int) (Math.random() * n);
                // 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数值
                result[i] = codes[r];
                // 必须确保不会再次抽取到那个字符，这里用数组中最后一个字符改写code[r],并将n-1
                codes[r] = codes[n - 1];
                n--;
            }
        }
        return String.valueOf(result);
    }

    /**
     * 生成验证码图片
     *
     * @param securityCode
     * @return
     */
    public static BufferedImage createImage(String securityCode) {

        int codeLength = securityCode.length();//验证码长度

        int fontSize = 18;//字体大小

        int fontWidth = fontSize + 1;

        //图片宽高

        int width = codeLength * fontWidth + 6;
        int height = fontSize * 2 + 1;
        //图片

        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

        Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();

        g.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置背景色

        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//填充背景

        g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);//设置边框颜色

        g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height - 2));//边框字体样式

        g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);//绘制边框

        //绘制噪点

        Random rand = new Random();

        g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);

        for (int i = 0; i < codeLength * 6; i++) {

            int x = rand.nextInt(width);

            int y = rand.nextInt(height);

            g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1);//绘制1*1大小的矩形

        }

        //绘制验证码

        int codeY = height - 10;

        g.setColor(new Color(19, 148, 246));

        g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fontSize));
        for (int i = 0; i < codeLength; i++) {
            double deg = new Random().nextDouble() * 20;
            g.rotate(Math.toRadians(deg), i * 16 + 13, codeY - 7.5);
            g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i * 16 + 5, codeY);
            g.rotate(Math.toRadians(-deg), i * 16 + 13, codeY - 7.5);
        }

        g.dispose();//关闭资源
        return image;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        String securityCode = ValidateImageCodeUtils.getSecurityCode();
        System.out.println(securityCode);

        BufferedImage image = ValidateImageCodeUtils.createImage(securityCode);
        ImageIO.write(image, "png", new FileOutputStream("aa.png"));
    }


}

controller层生成验证码

/**
     * 生成验证码
     *
     * @param session
     * @param response
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @GetMapping("/code")
    public void getVerification(HttpSession session, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        //生成验证码
        String securityCode = ValidateImageCodeUtils.getSecurityCode();
        BufferedImage image = ValidateImageCodeUtils.createImage(securityCode);
        //存入session中
        session.setAttribute("code", securityCode);
        //响应图片
        ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        ImageIO.write(image, "png", os);
    }

注册时判断验证码是否相等

@PostMapping("/register")
    public String register(User user,String code,HttpSession session){
        String code1 = (String)session.getAttribute("code");
        if(code1.equalsIgnoreCase(code)){
            userMapper.insert(user);
            return "redirect:/";
        }else{
            return "redirect:/zhuce";
        }

    }

前端页面的实现

<tr>
                        <td valign="middle" align="right">
                            验证码:
                        </td>
                        <td valign="middle" align="left">
                            <input type="text" class="inputgri" name="code"/>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <img id="num" th:src="@{/code}"/>
                            <a href="javascript:;"
                               onclick="document.getElementById('num').src = '/code?'+(new Date()).getTime()">换一张</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>

最终效果图
在这里插入图片描述

谷歌验证码

** 导入依赖 **

<!-- google kaptcha依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.axet</groupId>
            <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.9</version>
        </dependency>

验证码配置类

package com.ljh.config;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.Properties;

@Configuration
public class CaptchaConfig {

    @Bean
    public DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha(){
        //验证码生成器
        DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha=new DefaultKaptcha();
        //配置
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        //是否有边框
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "yes");
        //设置边框颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "105,179,90");
        //边框粗细度，默认为1
        // properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.thickness","1");
        //验证码
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.session.key","code");
        //验证码文本字符颜色 默认为黑色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "blue");
        //设置字体样式
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋体,楷体,微软雅黑");
        //字体大小，默认40
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size", "30");
        //验证码文本字符内容范围 默认为abced2345678gfynmnpwx
        // properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string", "");
        //字符长度，默认为5
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");
        //字符间距 默认为2
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "4");
        //验证码图片宽度 默认为200
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "100");
        //验证码图片高度 默认为40
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "40");
        Config config = new Config(properties);
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
        return defaultKaptcha;
    }
}

提供验证码生成接口

package com.ljh.controller;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

@Api(tags = "CaptchaController")
@RestController
public class CaptchaController {

    @Autowired
    private DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha;

    @ApiOperation(value = "验证码")
    @GetMapping(value = "/captcha",produces = "image/jpeg")
    public void captcha(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
        // 定义response输出类型为image/jpeg类型
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        // Set standard HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers.
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");
        // Set IE extended HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers (use addHeader).
        response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");
        // Set standard HTTP/1.0 no-cache header.
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        // return a jpeg
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        //-------------------生成验证码 begin --------------------------
        //获取验证码文本内容
        String text = defaultKaptcha.createText();
        System.out.println("验证码内容："+text);
        //将验证码文本内容放入session
        request.getSession().setAttribute("captcha",text);
        //根据文本验证码内容创建图形验证码
        BufferedImage image = defaultKaptcha.createImage(text);
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = null;
        try {
            outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
            //输出流输出图片，格式为jpg
            ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",outputStream);
            outputStream.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if (null!=outputStream){
                try {
                    outputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        //-------------------生成验证码 end --------------------------

    }
}

校验验证码

String captcha =(String) request.getSession().getAttribute("captcha");
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(code)||!captcha.equalsIgnoreCase(code))
            return  RespBean.error("验证码错误");