Spring MVC 响应数据和结果视图

加油，新时代打工人！

Spring MVC详细环境配置和入门

目录结构

pom.xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.itboy</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc_day02_response</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc_day02_response Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <!--版本锁定 也方便修改-->
    <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc_day01_start</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

UserController

package com.itboy.controller;

import com.itboy.domin.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author wh
 * @date 2021年11月13日16:43
 */
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Controller
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping("/teststring")
    public String testString(Model model){
        User user=new User();
        user.setUsername("小明");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        model.addAttribute("user",user);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 请求转发执行一次
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testvoid")
    public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("testVoid方法执行了");
       // 请求转发执行一次
       //  request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp").forward(request,response);
        //重定向
      // response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
        //解决中文乱码
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("text/http;charset=utf-8");
        //服务器直接响应给客户端
        response.getWriter().print("你好，世界");
        return;
    }

    /**
     * 和model方法类似
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testModelAndView")
    public ModelAndView testModelAndView(){
        ModelAndView mv= new ModelAndView();
        User user=new User();
        user.setUsername("小明");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        //将user对象存入到model对象中，把user对象存入到request对象
        mv.addObject("user",user);
        //视图调整到哪个对象
        mv.setViewName("success");
        return mv;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/testForwordorRedirect")
    public String testForwordorRedirect(){
        System.out.println("testForwordorRedirect方法执行了");
        //forword转发一次执行
        // return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";
        //redirect重定向
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }
    //模拟异步请求1
    @RequestMapping("/testJson")
    public void testJson(@RequestBody String body){
        System.out.println(body);
    }
    //异步请求响应对象2
    @RequestMapping("/testAjax")
    public @ResponseBody User testJson(@RequestBody User user) {
        //前端发送的是ajax请求,传的是json,后端把json字符封装到user对象中
        System.out.println(user);
        //修改前端username
        user.setUsername("小华");
        return user;
    }
}

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itboy"></context:component-scan>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 设置静态资源不过滤 -->
    <!--1. location元素表示webapp目录下的包下的所有文件-->
    <!--2. mapping元素表示以/static开头的所有请求路径，如/static/a 或者/static/a/b-->
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/> <!-- 样式 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/> <!-- 图片 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> <!-- javascript -->
    <!--开启注解支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven ></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

response.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 儒雅
  Date: 2021/11/13
  Time: 16:56
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(function () {
            $("#btn").click(function () {
               // alert("hello world");
                $.ajax({
                    url:"user/testAjax",
                    contentType:"application/json;charset=utf-8",
                    data:'{"username":"小明","password":"1223"}',
                    type:"post",
                    success:function(data){
                        alert(data);
                        alert(data.username);
                        alert(data.password);

                    }
                });
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
<h3>Spring MVC响应方式</h3>
<a href="user/teststring">teststring</a><hr/>
<a href="user/testvoid">testvoid</a><hr/>
<a href="user/testModelAndView">testModelAndView</a><hr/>
<a href="user/testForwordorRedirect">testForwordorRedirect</a><hr/>
<button id="btn">测试json</button>
</body>
</html>

运行json结果

github项目源码地址

https://github.com/itboywh/springmvc_day02_response