Broadcasting in Python

import numpy as np
A=np.array([[56,0,4.4,68],
           [1.2,104,52,8],
           [1.8,135,99,0.9]])
print(A)
cal=A.sum(axis=0)#将各列相加
print(cal)
#cal1=A.sum(axis=1)#将各行相加
#print(cal1)

percentage=100*A/cal.reshape(1,4)#devide (3,4) matrix by (1,4) matrix
print(percentage)

[[ 56.    0.    4.4  68. ]
 [  1.2 104.   52.    8. ]
 [  1.8 135.   99.    0.9]]

[ 59.  239.  155.4  76.9]

[[94.91525424  0.          2.83140283 88.42652796]
 [ 2.03389831 43.51464435 33.46203346 10.40312094]
 [ 3.05084746 56.48535565 63.70656371  1.17035111]]

A=np.array([[1],[2],[3],[4]])
print(A+100)

out: 

[[101]
 [102]
 [103]
 [104]]

A=np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
print(A)
print(A+[100,200,300])

OUT:
[[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]]
[[101 202 303]
 [104 205 306]]