Python Bitwise Operators

OPERATOR	DESCRIPTION	SYNTAX
&	Bitwise AND	x & y
|	Bitwise OR	x | y
~	Bitwise NOT	~x
^	Bitwise XOR	x ^ y
>>	Bitwise right shift	x>>
<<	Bitwise left shift	x<<

1. Bitwise AND operator: Returns 1 if both the bits are 1 else 0.

Example:

a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 =  0100 (Binary

a & b = 1010
         &
        0100
      = 0000
      = 0 (Decimal)

2. Bitwise or operator: Returns 1 if either of the bit is 1 else 0.

Example:

a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 =  0100 (Binary

a & b = 1010
         |
        0100
      = 1110
      = 14 (Decimal)

3. Bitwise not operator: Returns one’s compliement of the number.

Example:

a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)

~a = ~1010
   = -(1010 + 1)
   = -(1011)
   = -11 (Decimal)

4. Bitwise xor operator: Returns 1 if one of the bit is 1 and other is 0 else returns false.

Example:

a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 =  0100 (Binary

a & b = 1010
         ^
        0100
      = 1110
      = 14 (Decimal)

# Python program to show 
# bitwise operators 

a = 10
b = 4
	
# Print bitwise AND operation 
print("a & b =", a & b) 
	
# Print bitwise OR operation 
print("a | b =", a | b) 
	
# Print bitwise NOT operation 
print("~a =", ~a) 
	
# print bitwise XOR operation 
print("a ^ b =", a ^ b) 

perm_identity

Python Bitwise Operators

Operators are used to perform operations on values and variables. These are the special symbols that carry out arithmetic and logical computations. The value the operator operates on is known as Operand.

Bitwise operators

In Python, bitwise operators are used to perform bitwise calculations on integers. The integers are first converted into binary and then operations are performed on bit by bit, hence the name bitwise operators. Then the result is returned in decimal format.

Note: Python bitwise operators work only on integers.

 

OPERATOR	DESCRIPTION	SYNTAX
&	Bitwise AND	x & y
|	Bitwise OR	x | y
~	Bitwise NOT	~x
^	Bitwise XOR	x ^ y
>>	Bitwise right shift	x>>
<<	Bitwise left shift	x<<

Let’s understand each operator one by one.

Bitwise AND operator: Returns 1 if both the bits are 1 else 0.

Example:

a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 =  0100 (Binary

a & b = 1010
         &
        0100
      = 0000
      = 0 (Decimal)

 
Bitwise or operator: Returns 1 if either of the bit is 1 else 0.

Example:

a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 =  0100 (Binary

a & b = 1010
         |
        0100
      = 1110
      = 14 (Decimal)

 
Bitwise not operator: Returns one’s compliement of the number.

Example:

a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)

~a = ~1010
   = -(1010 + 1)
   = -(1011)
   = -11 (Decimal)

 
Bitwise xor operator: Returns 1 if one of the bit is 1 and other is 0 else returns false.

Example:

a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 =  0100 (Binary

a & b = 1010
         ^
        0100
      = 1110
      = 14 (Decimal)

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# Python program to show # bitwise operators    a = 10 b = 4      # Print bitwise AND operation    print("a & b =", a & b)       # Print bitwise OR operation  print("a | b =", a | b)       # Print bitwise NOT operation   print("~a =", ~a)       # print bitwise XOR operation   print("a ^ b =", a ^ b)

Output:

a & b = 0
a | b = 14
~a = -11
a ^ b = 14

5. Bitwise right shift: Shifts the bits of the number to the right and fills 0 on voids left as a result. Similar effect as of dividing the number with some power of two.

Example:

Example 1:
a = 10
a >> 1 = 5 

Example 2:
a = -10 
a >> 1 = -5

6. Bitwise left shift: Shifts the bits of the number to the left and fills 0 on voids right as a result. Similar effect as of multiplying the number with some power of two.

Example:

a = 5 = 0000 0101
b = -10 = 1111 0110

a << 1 = 0000 1010 = 10
a << 2 = 0001 0100 = 20 

b << 1 = 0000 1010 = -20
b << 2 = 0001 0100 = -40 

# Python program to show 
# shift operators 

a = 10
b = -10

# print bitwise right shift operator 
print("a >> 1 =", a >> 1) 
print("b >> 1 =", b >> 1) 

a = 5
b = -10

# print bitwise left shift operator 
print("a << 1 =", a << 1) 
print("b << 1 =", b << 1) 

Output:

a >> 1 = 5
b >> 1 = -5
a << 1 = 10
b << 1 = -20