hdu 4016 Magic Bitwise And Operation 求n个数中取k个数与运算的最小值

Problem Description

Given n integers, your task is to pick k out of them so that the picked number are minimum when do bitwise “AND” among all of them.
For example, there are three integers 5, 6 and 7. You are asked to pick two of them. Your possible strategy is (5, 6), (5, 7) or (6, 7). The values when do bitwise and all the picked numbers together are as follows:
5 and 6 = 4
5 and 7 = 5
6 and 7 = 6
The smallest one is 4.

 

 

Input

There are multiple test cases for this problem. The first line of the input contains an integer denoting the number of test cases.
  For each test case, there are two integers in the first line: n and k, denoting the number of given integers and the number of integers you are asked to pick out. n <= 40
  The second line contains the n integers. You may assume that all integers are small than 2^60.

Notes: There are about one thousand randomly generated test cases. Fortunately 90% of them are relatively small.

 

 

Output

For each test case, output only one integer is the smallest possible value.

 

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   3
3 2
5 6 7
8 2
238 153 223 247 111 252 253 247
40 10
1143632830316675007 558164877202423550 1152356080752164603 1143911006781551605 1132655005501751263
1152919305583327167 1141662230660382702 862439259920596463 1151777428397603327 1008771132016295871
855666336963428351 1151795583225167807 1152634943314572791 1071856693060561407 1132650872803426303
1124211056982081471 1152917106425982911 1152815392070041535 1080863910568853481 288230371856350975
1080720560532488126 864686455262281727 576460673919991167 574191342855241589 1152233760050118651
1152921504605798263 1152912708241186815 1079738008506187487 1075796261476483027 1080854478820730879
1152885219917823999 1151725162940854259 1147529498501577715 571956602920235519 1134545630643616248
1152921218991521790 1152921496000052703 1142788250826440703 1151654831778151421 1152780747522637695
  
  

 

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   Case #1: 4
Case #2: 9
Case #3: 36028797086245424
  
  

 

 //

 

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define bignum long long
const bignum inf=(1LL<<63)-1;
int n,k;
bignum a[50],sum[50];
bignum ans;
//两个数与运算只能变小或者不变  可以利用这个性质剪枝
//sum[i]=a[i]&sum[i+1];
//搜索中如果cnt&sun[t]>ans  可以直接剪去
//now 初始值为 二进制下全1
void dfs(int t,int step,bignum now)
{
    if(step==k)
    {
        ans=min(ans,now);
        return ;
    }
    if(t==n+1) return;
    if((now&sum[t])>=ans) return ;//剪枝  注意(now&sum[t])加括号
    dfs(t+1,step+1,now&a[t]);//先搜短了
    dfs(t+1,step,now);
}
int main()
{
    int ci,pl=1;scanf("%d",&ci);
    while(ci--)
    {
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&k);
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%I64d",&a[i]);
        sort(a+1,a+n+1);
        sum[n]=a[n];
        for(int i=n-1;i>=1;i--)
        {
            sum[i]=a[i]&sum[i+1];
        }
        ans=inf;
        dfs(1,0,inf);
        printf("Case #%d: %I64d\n",pl++,ans);
    }
    return 0;
}