设计模式-单例模式

单例模式设计核心：构造器私有化 、构造器私有化、构造器私有化，重要的事情说三遍

饿汉模式

/**
 * 单例模式-饿汉模式
 */
public class Hungry {
    // 单例模式核心，构造器私有
    private Hungry() {}

    private static final Hungry HUNGRY = new Hungry();

    public static Hungry getInstance() {
        return HUNGRY;
    }
}

class HungryTest{

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Hungry instance = Hungry.getInstance();
        Hungry instance1 = Hungry.getInstance();

        System.out.println(instance == instance1);

    }
}

// 输出
// true

懒汉模式

/**
 * 单例模式-懒汉式(DCL)
 */
public class Lazy {

    private Lazy() {}

    private volatile static Lazy lazy;

    public static Lazy getInstance () {
        if (lazy == null) {
            synchronized (Lazy.class) {
                if (lazy == null) {
                    lazy = new Lazy();
                    /*
                     * 1.分配内存空间
                     * 2.执行构造方法，创建对象
                     * 3.把这个对象指向这个空间
                     */
                }
            }
        }
        return lazy;
    }
}

class LazyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            new Thread(() -> {
                System.out.println(Lazy.getInstance());
            }).start();
        }
    }
}

// 输出
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906
// com.yorange.pattern.single.Lazy@219a0906

静态内部类模式

/**
 * 单例模式-静态内部类
 */
public class Holder {

    private Holder() {}

    public static Holder getInstance() {
        return InnerClass.HOLDER;
    }

    public static class InnerClass {
        private final static Holder HOLDER = new Holder();
    }
}

class InnerClassTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            new Thread(() -> {
                System.out.println(Holder.getInstance());
            }).start();
        }
    }
}

// 输出
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077
//com.yorange.pattern.single.Holder@4daa077