简介
1.Props 定义
组件上 注册的一些 自定义属性
2.Props 作用
向子组件传递数据
3.特点
- 可以 传递 任意数量 的prop
- 可以 传递 任意类型 的prop
props传值
Userinfo.vue
<template>
<div class="userinfo">
<h3>我是个人信息组件</h3>
<div>姓名:{{username}}</div>
<div>年龄:{{age}}</div>
<div>是否单身:{{isSingle}}</div>
<div>座驾:{{car.brand}}</div>
<div>兴趣爱好:{{hobby.join('、')}}</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
props:['username','age','isSingle','car','hobby']
}
</script>
<style>
.userinfo {
width: 300px;
border: 3px solid #000;
padding: 20px;
}
.userinfo > div {
margin: 20px 10px;
}
</style>
App.vue
<template>
<div class="app">
<UserInfo
:username="username"
:age="age"
:isSingle="isSingle"
:car="car"
:hobby="hobby"
></UserInfo>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import UserInfo from './components/UserInfo.vue'
export default {
data() {
return {
username: '小帅',
age: 28,
isSingle: true,
car: {
brand: '宝马',
},
hobby: ['篮球', '足球', '羽毛球'],
}
},
components: {
UserInfo,
},
}
</script>
<style>
</style>
props设置类型
BaseProgress.vue
<template>
<div class="base-progress">
<div class="inner" :style="{ width: w + '%' }">
<span>{{ w }}%</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
props: {
w: Number,
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.base-progress {
height: 26px;
width: 400px;
border-radius: 15px;
background-color: #272425;
border: 3px solid #272425;
box-sizing: border-box;
margin-bottom: 30px;
}
.inner {
position: relative;
background: #379bff;
border-radius: 15px;
height: 25px;
box-sizing: border-box;
left: -3px;
top: -2px;
}
.inner span {
position: absolute;
right: 0;
top: 26px;
}
</style>
App.vue
<template>
<div class="app">
<BaseProgress :w="width"></BaseProgress>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import BaseProgress from './components/BaseProgress.vue'
export default {
data() {
return {
width: 30,
}
},
components: {
BaseProgress,
},
}
</script>
<style>
</style>
props类型检查
BaseProgress.vue
<template>
<div class="base-progress">
<div class="inner" :style="{ width: w + '%' }">
<span>{{ w }}%</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
// 1.基础写法(类型校验)
// props: {
// w: Number,
// },
// 2.完整写法(类型、默认值、非空、自定义校验)
props: {
w: {
type: Number,
required: true,
default: 0,
validator(val) {
// console.log(val)
if (val >= 100 || val <= 0) {
console.error('传入的范围必须是0-100之间')
return false
} else {
return true
}
},
},
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.base-progress {
height: 26px;
width: 400px;
border-radius: 15px;
background-color: #272425;
border: 3px solid #272425;
box-sizing: border-box;
margin-bottom: 30px;
}
.inner {
position: relative;
background: #379bff;
border-radius: 15px;
height: 25px;
box-sizing: border-box;
left: -3px;
top: -2px;
}
.inner span {
position: absolute;
right: 0;
top: 26px;
}
</style>
App.vue
<template>
<div class="app">
<BaseProgress :w="width"></BaseProgress>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import BaseProgress from './components/BaseProgress.vue'
export default {
data() {
return {
width: 30,
}
},
components: {
BaseProgress,
},
}
</script>
<style>
</style>
单向数据流
1.props&data共同点
都可以给组件提供数据
2.props&data区别
- data 的数据是自己的 → 随便改
- prop 的数据是外部的 → 不能直接改,要遵循 单向数据流
3.单向数据流:
父级props 的数据更新,会向下流动,影响子组件。这个数据流动是单向的
BaseCount.vue
<template>
<div class="base-count">
<button @click="handleSub">-</button>
<span>{{ count }}</span>
<button @click="handleAdd">+</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
// 1.自己的数据随便修改 (谁的数据 谁负责)
// data () {
// return {
// count: 100,
// }
// },
// 2.外部传过来的数据 不能随便修改
props: {
count: {
type: Number,
},
},
methods: {
handleSub() {
this.$emit('changeCount', this.count - 1)
},
handleAdd() {
this.$emit('changeCount', this.count + 1)
},
},
}
</script>
<style>
.base-count {
margin: 20px;
}
</style>
App.vue
<template>
<div class="app">
<BaseCount :count="count" @changeCount="handleChange"></BaseCount>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import BaseCount from './components/BaseCount.vue'
export default {
components:{
BaseCount
},
data(){
return {
count:100
}
},
methods:{
handleChange(newVal){
// console.log(newVal);
this.count = newVal
}
}
}
</script>
<style>
</style>