物联网实训笔记_java处理XML文档

DOMTest

读API步骤,先看包,再看类,再读类下面的方法,要注意方法需要的参数和返回值,边用边理解.

package com.qiuhu;



/*import javax.lang.model.element.Element;*/
import javax.swing.text.Document;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.soap.Node;

import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;


public class DiskDom {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//创建解析工厂
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		//创建解析器
		DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
	org.w3c.dom.Document document=builder.parse("src/com/qiuhu/disk.xml");
			NodeList nodes=document.getElementsByTagName("disk");
			org.w3c.dom.Node node=nodes.item(0);
			org.w3c.dom.Node n1=node.getFirstChild();
			org.w3c.dom.Node n2=n1.getNextSibling();
			org.w3c.dom.Node n3=node.getLastChild();
			
			NamedNodeMap attribut=node.getAttributes();
			org.w3c.dom.Node n4=attribut.item(0);
			
		/*	String n=node.getFirstChild().getNodeValue();*/
			
			
			
			System.out.println( "disk"+n4.getNodeValue()+
								"size"+n1.getFirstChild()+
								"dirctory"+n2.getFirstChild()+
								"File"+n3.getFirstChild());
	
		}

}

先用XML文档写出相关文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<disks>
	<disk name="C盘">
		<size>10G</size>
		<dirctory>10</dirctory>
		<file>30</file>
	</disk>
	<disk name="D盘">
		<size>10G</size>
		<dircetory>10</directory>
		<file>20</file>
	</disk>
</disks>

参照API,先得到解析工厂,在构造解析器,再使用相关方法读取,代码如下:

package com.qiuhu;

import javax . xml. parsers. DocumentBuilder ;
import javax . xml. parsers . DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.soap.Node;

import org .w3c . dom. Document;
import org. w3c. dom. Element;
import org. w3c. dom. NodeList;
		public class DiskDom1 {
		
			public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
					//
					DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
					//
					DocumentBuilder builder =factory.newDocumentBuilder();
					Document document=builder.parse("C:\\Users\\daier\\eclipse-workspace\\Project1\\src\\com\\qiuhu\\disk.xml");
					NodeList n1 =document . getElementsByTagName("disk");
			
			for(int i=0;i<n1. getLength();i++) {
						Element e=(Element)n1. item(i);
						System. out. print( "磁盘: "+e. getAttribute("name")+" ");
						System.out.print( "大小:"+e.getElementsByTagName("size"). item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
						System.out.print("文件:"+e.getElementsByTagName("directory").item(0). getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
						System.out.print( "目录:"+e.getElementsByTagName ("file").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
					
			}
				}
					}

DOM实际读取

上面方法是我们已经知道几乎所有的节点是什么才进行的遍历,实际上,在很大的文档上几乎不可能用上述方法遍历.故而如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<employees>
	<employee id="1" depName="教学部">
		<name>rose</name>
		<age>22</age>
		<agender>female</agender>
		<email>rose@briup.com</email>
		<salary>8k</salary>
		</employee>	
	<employee id="2" depName="教学部">
		<name>jack</name>
		<age>23</age>
		<agender>male</agender>
		<email>jack@briup.com</email>
		<salary>9k</salary>
		</employee>	
</employees>

先构造Empoyee类,用来存放阅读XML节点内容

package com.qiuhu;

public class Employee {
private int id;
private String depName;
private String name;
private int age;   
private String gender;
private String email;
private String salary;

public Employee() {
	super();
	// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}

public Employee(int id, String depName, String name, int age, String gender, String email, String salary) {
	super();
	this.id = id;
	this.depName = depName;
	this.name = name;
	this.age = age;
	this.gender = gender;
	this.email = email;
	this.salary = salary;
}





/**
 * @return the id
 */
public int getId() {
	return id;
}

/**
 * @param id the id to set
 */
public void setId(int id) {
	this.id = id;
}

/**
 * @return the depName
 */
public String getDepName() {
	return depName;
}

/**
 * @param depName the depName to set
 */
public void setDepName(String depName) {
	this.depName = depName;
}

/**
 * @return the name
 */
public String getName() {
	return name;
}

/**
 * @param name the name to set
 */
public void setName(String name) {
	this.name = name;
}

/**
 * @return the age
 */
public int getAge() {
	return age;
}

/**
 * @param age the age to set
 */
public void setAge(int age) {
	this.age = age;
}

/**
 * @return the gender
 */
public String getGender() {
	return gender;
}

/**
 * @param gender the gender to set
 */
public void setGender(String gender) {
	this.gender = gender;
}

/**
 * @return the email
 */
public String getEmail() {
	return email;
}

/**
 * @param email the email to set
 */
public void setEmail(String email) {
	this.email = email;
}

/**
 * @return the salary
 */
public String getSalary() {
	return salary;
}

/**
 * @param salary the salary to set
 */
public void setSalary(String salary) {
	this.salary = salary;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
	return "Employee [id=" + id + ", depName=" + depName + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", gender=" + gender
			+ ", email=" + email + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
}





}

如旧解析工厂解析器,其后遍历时将得到的元素节点的值赋予上一个类的相关值.即先确定节点的name,再确定其节点后续所有的文字信息value

package com.qiuhu;

import java.util.List;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class DomEmployee {
	//存放数据
	private static Employee employee;
	private static List<Employee> list=new ArrayList<Employee>();
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//构建解析工厂
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory=
				DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		//构建解析器
		DocumentBuilder builder =factory.newDocumentBuilder();//此处会抛出异常
		
		Document document=builder.parse("Project1/src/com/qiuhu/employee.xml");
		//直接读取employee标签,构建employeeduixiang
		NodeList n1=document.getElementsByTagName("employee");
		
		for(int i=1;i<n1.getLength();i++) {
			//遍历一个employee标签,构建一个employee对象
			Employee employee=new Employee();
			//将node转换成element节点
			Element element=(Element) n1.item(i);
			int id=Integer.parseInt(element.getAttribute("id"));//API定义好的方法
			String depName=element.getAttribute("depName");
			System.out.println("id"+id+"depName"+depName);
			employee.setDepName(depName);
			employee.setId(id);
			//获取employee节点的所有子节点,name age gender元素节点 不要换行之类的文本节点
			NodeList n12=element.getChildNodes();
				for (int j = 0; j < n12.getLength(); j++) {
					if(n12.item(j).getNodeType()==1) {
						String name=n12.item(j).getNodeName();
						String value=n12.item(j).getTextContent();
						if ("name".equals(name)) {
							employee.setName(value);
							}else if("gender".equals(name)){
								employee.setGender(value);
							}else if("name".equals(name)){
								employee.setAge(Integer.parseInt(value));
							}
					}
					
				}
				list.add(employee);
			
		}
		System.out.println("保存的用户数"+list.size());
	}

}

SAX处理

package com.qiuhu;

import javax.crypto.spec.DHGenParameterSpec;
import javax.swing.text.html.HTMLEditorKit.Parser;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class DiskSAx {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	//创建SAX的解析工厂
		SAXParserFactory factory=
				SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
		//创建SAX的解析器
		SAXParser parser=factory.newSAXParser();
		//相对路径不以"/"开头
		//第一个参数为解析的文件,第二个参数才是需要解析的
		parser.parse("src/com/qiuhu/NewFile.xml",new MyHandler());
	}
	
}	
	class MyHandler extends DefaultHandler{
		
		@Override
		public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes)
				throws SAXException {
			/**
			 * 前两个参数提供网络应用,暂时不需要考虑
			 * qName:表示标签名
			 * attribute:表示标签属性
			 */
			System.out.print("<"+qName);
			//输出属性内容
			for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) {
				String attName=attributes.getQName(i);
				String attValue=attributes.getValue(attName);
				System.out.println(" "+attName+"='"+attValue+"'");
			}
			System.out.println(">");
			
			
			
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
			//charracter方法输出文本 换行 空格
			String str=new String(ch,start,length);
			System.out.print(str);
			}

		@Override
		public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {
			System.out.println("</"+qName+">");
		}


		
		
		

	
	}