一、初始化环境
服务器要求:
k8s-master1 192.168.1.10
k8s-node1 192.168.1.11
k8s-node2 192.168.1.12
建议最小硬件配置:2核CPU、2G内存、30G硬盘
服务器最好可以访问外网,会有从网上拉取镜像需求,如果服务器不能上网,需要提前下载对应镜像并导入节点
1.准备工作
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config # 永久
setenforce 0 # 临时
# 关闭swap
swapoff -a # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab # 永久
# 根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>
# 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.1.10 k8s-master1
192.168.1.11 k8s-node1
192.168.1.11 k8s-node2
EOF
# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system # 生效
# 时间同步
ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
二、安装etcd集群
Etcd是一个分布式键值存储系统,Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储,所以先准备一个Etcd数据库,为解决Etcd单点故障,应采用集群方式部署,这里使用3台组建集群,可容忍1台机器故障,当然,你也可以使用5台组建集群,可容忍2台机器故障。
机器规划:
etcd-1 | 192.168.1.10 |
---|---|
etcd-2 | 192.168.1.11 |
etcd-3 | 192.168.1.12 |
#注:为了节省机器,这里与K8s节点机器复用。也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署,只要apiserver能连接到就行。
1.准备cfssl证书生成工具
cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具,使用json文件生成证书,相比openssl更方便使用。
找任意一台服务器操作,这里用Master节点。
mkdir -p /home/tools && cd /home/tools
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
2.生成Etcd证书
2.1 自签证书颁发机构(CA)
#创建工作目录:
mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd ~/TLS/etcd
#自签CA:
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"www": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "etcd CA",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
EOF
#生成证书:
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
#会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件。
2.2 使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书
#创建证书申请文件:
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"192.168.1.10",
"192.168.1.11",
"192.168.1.12"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing"
}
]
}
EOF
#注:上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。
#生成证书:
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
#会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。
3.从Github下载二进制文件
下载地址:https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd /home/tools
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
4.部署Etcd集群
以下在节点1上操作,为简化操作,待会将节点1生成的所有文件拷贝到节点2和节点3.
#创建工作目录并解压二进制包
mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/
#创建etcd配置文件
cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.10:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.10:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.10:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.10:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.1.10:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.1.11:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.1.12:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF
ETCD_NAME:节点名称,集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR:数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS:集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN:集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE:加入集群的当前状态,new是新集群,existing表示加入已有集群
5.systemd管理etcd
cat > /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
6.拷贝并启动
#拷贝刚才生成的证书
把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径:
cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
#将上面节点1所有生成的文件拷贝到节点2和节点3
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.1.11:/opt/
scp /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.1.11:/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.1.12:/opt/
scp /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.1.12:/lib/systemd/system/
#然后在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP:
sed -i '4,9s/192.168.1.10/192.168.1.11/' /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
sed -i '2s/etcd-1/etcd-2/' /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ###在node1执行
sed -i '4,9s/192.168.1.10/192.168.1.12/' /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
sed -i '2s/etcd-1/etcd-3/' /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ###在node2执行
#启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd
7.查看集群状态
ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.1.10:2379,https://192.168.1.11:2379,https://192.168.1.12:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table
+---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| ENDPOINT | HEALTH | TOOK | ERROR |
+---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| https://192.168.1.10:2379 | true | 10.668571ms | |
| https://192.168.1.11:2379 | true | 11.713508ms | |
| https://192.168.1.12:2379 | true | 13.896313ms | |
+---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
如果输出上面信息,就说明集群部署成功。
三、安装docker
解压安装
下载地址:https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz
以下在所有节点操作。这里采用二进制安装,用apt安装也一样。
cd /home/tools
wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz
tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin
systemd管理docker
cat > /lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#创建配置文件
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
#registry-mirrors 阿里云镜像加速器
#启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
四、安装master-node
1.生成kube-apiserver证书
1.1 自签证书颁发机构(CA)
cd ~/TLS/k8s
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
#生成证书:
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
1.2 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
#创建证书申请文件:
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"192.168.1.10",
"192.168.1.11",
"192.168.1.12",
"192.168.1.13",
"192.168.1.14",
"192.168.1.200",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
#注:上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。
#生成证书:
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2.从Github下载二进制文件
下载地址: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.20.md
#注:打开链接你会发现里面有很多包,下载一个server包就够了,包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。
cd /home/tools
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.20.4/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/
3.部署kube-apiserver
3.1 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.10:2379,https://192.168.1.11:2379,https://192.168.1.12:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.1.10 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.1.10 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--service-account-issuer=api \\
--service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
--enable-aggregator-routing=true \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF
注:上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符,第二个是换行符,使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。
–logtostderr:启用日志
—v:日志等级
–log-dir:日志目录
–etcd-servers:etcd集群地址
–bind-address:监听地址
–secure-port:https安全端口
–advertise-address:集群通告地址
–allow-privileged:启用授权
–service-cluster-ip-range:Service虚拟IP地址段
–enable-admission-plugins:准入控制模块
–authorization-mode:认证授权,启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
–enable-bootstrap-token-auth:启用TLS bootstrap机制
–token-auth-file:bootstrap token文件
–service-node-port-range:Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围
–kubelet-client-xxx:apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
–tls-xxx-file:apiserver https证书
1.20版本必须加的参数:–service-account-issuer,–service-account-signing-key-file
–etcd-xxxfile:连接Etcd集群证书
–audit-log-xxx:审计日志 启动聚合层相关配置:–requestheader-client-ca-file,–proxy-client-cert-file,–proxy-client-key-file,
–requestheader-allowed-names,–requestheader-extra-headers-prefix,–requestheader-group-headers,
–requestheader-username-headers,–enable-aggregator-routing
3.2.拷贝刚才生成的证书
把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径:
cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
3.3 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制
TLS Bootstraping:Master
apiserver启用TLS认证后,Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信,
必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以,当Node节点很多时,这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作,同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。
为了简化流程,Kubernetes引入了TLS
bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书,kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书,
kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式,目前主要用于kubelet,kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。
创建上述配置文件中token文件:
生产token:
head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
1fd00bf22842510073d19e38e9b7ae27,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF
3.4 systemd管理apiserver
cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
4.部署kube-controller-manager
4.1 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF
–kubeconfig:连接apiserver配置文件
–leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA)
–cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file:自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA,与apiserver保持一致
4.2 生成kubeconfig文件
#生成kube-controller-manager证书:
#切换工作目录
cd ~/TLS/k8s
#创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager
#生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在终端执行):
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.10:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \
--client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
--client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-controller-manager \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
4.3 systemd管理controller-manager
cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
5.部署kube-scheduler
5.1 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF
–kubeconfig:连接apiserver配置文件
–leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA)
5.2 生成kubeconfig文件
#生成kube-scheduler证书:
#切换工作目录
cd ~/TLS/k8s
#创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
#生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler
#生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在终端执行):
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.10:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \
--client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \
--client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-scheduler \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
5.3 systemd管理scheduler
cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
6.查看集群状态
#切换工作目录
cd ~/TLS/k8s
#生成kubectl连接集群的证书:
cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "admin",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
#生成kubeconfig文件:
mkdir /root/.kube
KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.10:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
--client-certificate=./admin.pem \
--client-key=./admin-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=cluster-admin \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
#通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态:
kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
scheduler Healthy ok
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
7.授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap
五、部署work-node
下面还是在Master Node上操作,即同时作为Worker Node
1.创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件
在所有worker node创建工作目录:
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
从master节点拷贝:
cd /home/tools/kubernetes/server/bin/
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin # 本地拷贝
2.部署kubelet
2.1 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master1 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF
–hostname-override:显示名称,集群中唯一
–network-plugin:启用CNI
–kubeconfig:空路径,会自动生成,后面用于连接apiserver
–bootstrap-kubeconfig:首次启动向apiserver申请证书
–config:配置参数文件
–cert-dir:kubelet证书生成目录
–pod-infra-container-image:管理Pod网络容器的镜像
2.2 配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 2m0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 100Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF
2.3 生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.10:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="1fd00bf22842510073d19e38e9b7ae27" # 与token.csv里保持一致
#生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
--token=${TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
2.4 systemd管理kubelet
cat > /lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
2.5 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群
#查看kubelet证书请求
kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-8TpC8o5s_1v8Bdd8hgGpWmf20k4DEAFjhGeh6-hCtX4 14s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
#批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-8TpC8o5s_1v8Bdd8hgGpWmf20k4DEAFjhGeh6-hCtX4
#查看节点
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master1 NotReady <none> 0s v1.20.4
#注:由于网络插件还没有部署,节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady
3.部署kube-proxy
3.1 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF
3.2 配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master1
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF
3.3 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
#生成kube-proxy证书:
#切换工作目录
cd ~/TLS/k8s
#创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
#生成kubeconfig文件:
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.10:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
3.4 systemd管理kube-proxy
cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy
4.部署网络组件
mkdir -p /home/yaml
cd /home/yaml
wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
#修改YAML:
#下载完后还需要修改里面定义Pod网络(CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR),与前面kube-controller-manager配置文件指定的cluster-cidr网段一样。
sed -i "3685,3686s/# //" calico.yaml
sed -i "3686s#192.168.0.0/16#10.244.0.0/16#" calico.yaml
#让kubectl 可以使用tab
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc && source ~/.bashrc
5.授权apiserver访问kubelet
#应用场景:例如kubectl logs
cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/proxy
- nodes/stats
- nodes/log
- nodes/spec
- nodes/metrics
- pods/log
verbs:
- "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:kube-apiserver
namespace: ""
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: User
name: kubernetes
EOF
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml
6.新增加Worker Node
6.1 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点
#在Master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点192.168.1.11/12
#node1 服务器
scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.1.11:/opt/
scp -r /lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.1.11:/lib/systemd/system
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.1.11:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
#node2 服务器
scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.1.12:/opt/
scp -r /lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.1.12:/lib/systemd/system
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.1.12:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
6.2 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件 (2台work节点上执行)
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
#注:这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的,每个Node不同,必须删除
6.3 修改主机名
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node1
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node1
6.4 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy
systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy
二进制Kubernetes安装完毕!