selenium_select下拉框（源码解读）

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException, UnexpectedTagNameException


"""
1、如果抛出NoSuchElementException，UnexpectedTagNameException这两个异常，则是select语句哪里写错了。
2、只解读了select相关的方法。
"""
class Select(object):

    def __init__(self, webelement):
        """
        判断元素标签，如果不是select，则抛出
        UnexpectedTagNameException("Select only works on <select> elements, not on <%s>" % webelement.tag_name)】
        """
        if webelement.tag_name.lower() != "select":
            raise UnexpectedTagNameException(
                "Select only works on <select> elements, not on <%s>" %
                webelement.tag_name)
        self._el = webelement
        multi = self._el.get_attribute("multiple")
        self.is_multiple = multi and multi != "false"

    def options(self):
        """返回属于该选择标签的所有选项的列表 """
        return self._el.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')

    def all_selected_options(self):
        """返回一个列表：包含所有选择的内容"""
        ret = []
        for opt in self.options:
            if opt.is_selected():
                ret.append(opt)
        return ret

    def first_selected_option(self):
        """返回列表的first,否则抛出异常 
        NoSuchElementException("No options are selected") 
        """
        for opt in self.options:
            if opt.is_selected():
                return opt
        raise NoSuchElementException("No options are selected")

    def select_by_value(self, value):
        """
        选择元素的value属性值，例如：<option value="foo">Bar</option>
        如果没有value属性值，则抛出异常：
        NoSuchElementException("Cannot locate option with value: %s" % value)
        """
        css = "option[value =%s]" % self._escapeString(value)
        opts = self._el.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, css)
        matched = False
        for opt in opts:
            self._setSelected(opt)
            if not self.is_multiple:
                return
            matched = True
        if not matched:
            raise NoSuchElementException("Cannot locate option with value: %s" % value)

    def select_by_index(self, index):
        """
        通过索引值来搜索对象，如果没有这个值，则抛出异常
        NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with index %d" % index)
        """
        match = str(index)
        for opt in self.options:
            if opt.get_attribute("index") == match:
                self._setSelected(opt)
                return
        raise NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with index %d" % index)

    def select_by_visible_text(self, text):
        """
        通过text值来获取选项的值，text类似如下的 Bar
            <option value="foo">Bar</option>
        如果text写错了，则抛出异常：
        NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with visible text: %s" % text)
        """
        xpath = ".//option[normalize-space(.) = %s]" % self._escapeString(text)
        opts = self._el.find_elements(By.XPATH, xpath)
        matched = False
        for opt in opts:
            self._setSelected(opt)
            if not self.is_multiple:
                return
            matched = True

        if len(opts) == 0 and " " in text:
            subStringWithoutSpace = self._get_longest_token(text)
            if subStringWithoutSpace == "":
                candidates = self.options
            else:
                xpath = ".//option[contains(.,%s)]" % self._escapeString(subStringWithoutSpace)
                candidates = self._el.find_elements(By.XPATH, xpath)
            for candidate in candidates:
                if text == candidate.text:
                    self._setSelected(candidate)
                    if not self.is_multiple:
                        return
                    matched = True

        if not matched:
            raise NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with visible text: %s" % text)

以界面元素、实际运用举例：

from selenium import webdriverd
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://sahitest.com/demo/selectTest.htm')

# 这是第一个下拉框！！！
s1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('s1Id'))  # 注意 siID 是什么，这块容易出问题
s1.select_by_index(1)  # 索引值
s1.select_by_value("o2")  # value属性的值
s1.select_by_visible_text("o3")  # 文本值

就记录下这三个，其他用的少，了解下就行，这三个是要封装在基本操作里面的。
po设计模式框架下的封装：

class Base:
    # select一般都是有id的，所以这里定位直接上id,text比较常用，
    def select_text(self, id, text):
        return Select(self.find_element_by_id(id)).select_by_visible_text(text)
    
    def select_index(self, id, index):
        return Select(self.find_element_by_id(id)).select_by_index(index)

    def select_value(self, id, value):
        return Select(self.find_element_by_id(id)).select_by_value(value)