Go 如何优雅的关闭goroutine

1. Context包方式

package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"sync"
	"time"
)
var wg =new(sync.WaitGroup) //创建一个等待组

func main(){
	ctx,cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
	wg.Add(1) //等待组计数+1 
	go work1(ctx) //跑一个work1 goroutine  
	exit_with_second(5,cancel) //设置sleep 5秒执行cancel()
	wg.Wait() //等待组计数为0 释放阻塞
}

func work1(ctx context.Context){
LOOP:
	for{
		time.Sleep(time.Second*1)
		select {
		case x := <-ctx.Done():
			fmt.Println("work1 rev :",x)
			break LOOP
		default:
			fmt.Println("work1...")
		}
	}
	fmt.Println("work1 done ...")
	wg.Done() //等待组计数-1
}

func exit_with_second(s int,f context.CancelFunc){
	time.Sleep(time.Second * time.Duration(s))
	f() //执行
}

2. Channel方式

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"sync"
	"time"
)


var wg = new(sync.WaitGroup)

func main(){
	var ch = make(chan int) //创建一个管道
	defer close(ch) //程序退出前关闭管道
	wg.Add(1)
	go work1(ch)   //执行一个work1 goroutine
	sendnumber(5,ch)  
	wg.Wait()
}


func work1(c chan int){
	LOOP:
		for  {
			time.Sleep(time.Second * 1)
			select {
			case n := <-c :
				fmt.Println("work1 rev:",n)
				break LOOP   // 从管道接收到数字1 退出循环
			default:
				fmt.Println("work1 ...")
			}
		}
		fmt.Println("work1 done")
		wg.Done()
}

func sendnumber(n int,c chan int){
	time.Sleep(time.Second * time.Duration(n))
	c <- 1 // 往管道发送数字1
}