[Shell Tools] - Editor (Vim)

1. Operating Modes

• Normal: for moving around a file and making edits, press <ESC> to switch from any mode back to Normal mode.
• Insert: for inserting text, press i in normal mode to enter Insert mode.
• Replace: for replacing text, press r in normal mode to enter Replace mode.
• Visual: for selecting blocks of text, press v/V in normal mode to enter Visual / Visual Line mode, press <C-v> to enter Visual Block mode.
• Command-line: for running a command, press : in normal mode to enter Command-line mode.

2. Basic

Command-line

• :q quit
• :q! quit anyway (without making any change)
• :w write (save)
• :wq write and quit
• :e {name of file} open file for editing
• :ls show open buffers
• :help {topic} show open buffers

Movement

• Basic movement: hjkl (left, down, up right)
• Word: w/W (next word), b/B (beginning of last word), e/E (end of word)
• Lines: 0 (beginning of line), ^ (first non-blank character), $ (end of line), { / } (beginning / end of a paragraph)
• Screen: H (head of screen), M (middle of screen), L (bottom of screen)
• Scroll: <C-u/f> (page-up / forward), <C-d/b> (page-down / backward), <C-e> (scroll up), <C-y> (scroll down)
• File: gg (beginning of file), G (end of file)
• Line numbers: :{number}<CR> or {number}G (go to line {number})
• Misc: % (corresponding item)
• Find: f{character} (find), F{character} (find backward), t{character} (till), T{character} (back till), use ,/; to repeat operations.
• Search: /{regex} / ?{regex}, n/N for navigating matches

Selection

Use Visual modes

Edit

• o / O insert line below / above
• d{motion} e.g. dw - delete word, d$ - delete to end of line, d0 - delete to beginning of line
• c{motion} e.g. cw - change word
• x delete character
• s substitute character ( = xi)
• u undo, <C-r> redo
• y copy / yank, Y copy line
• p paste

Counts

verb + num + noun

Modifiers

• i inside
• a around

3. Advanced

Search and Replace

• %s substitute command

:%s/x/y/g	" change all x to y

Multiple Windows

• :sp / :vsp split windows