文章目录
字符串方法
示例:有许多字符串方法可以让我们格式化字符串。请参阅以下示例中的一些字符串方法:
1.capitalize()
将字符串的第一个字符转换为大写字母
代码如下(示例):
challenge = sys_user
print(challenge.capitalize()) # Sys_user
2.count()
统计元素出现数量
代码如下(示例):
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.count('y')) # 3
print(challenge.count('y', 7, 14)) # 1,
print(challenge.count('th')) # 2`
该处使用的url网络请求的数据。
3.endswith()
检查元素是否在末尾
代码如下(示例):
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.endswith('on')) # True
print(challenge.endswith('tion')) # False
4.expandtabs()
用空格替换制表符,默认制表符大小为 8。它需要制表符大小参数
challenge = 'thirty\tdays\tof\tpython'
print(challenge.expandtabs()) # 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.expandtabs(10)) # 'thirty days of python'
5.find()
返回子字符串第一次出现的索引,如果没有找到返回-1
代码如下(示例):
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.find('y')) # 5
print(challenge.find('th1')) # -1
6.rfind()
返回子串最后一次出现的索引,如果没有找到返回-1
代码如下(示例):
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.rfind('y')) # 16
print(challenge.rfind('th')) # 17
print(challenge.rfind('th1111')) #-1
7.format()
格式化代码 和 %s %d 是一样的 参考python基础-字符串
first_name = 'Asabeneh'
last_name = 'Yetayeh'
age = 250
job = 'teacher'
country = 'Finland'
sentence = 'I am {} {}. I am a {}. I am {} years old. I live in {}.'.format(first_name, last_name, age, job, country)
print(sentence) # I am Asabeneh Yetayeh. I am 250 years old. I am a teacher. I live in Finland.
radius = 10
pi = 3.14
area = pi * radius ** 2
result = 'The area of a circle with radius {} is {}'.format(str(radius), str(area))
print(result) # The area of a circle with radius 10 is 314
8.index()
检测字符串中是否包含子字符串 str ,如果指定 beg(开始) 和 end(结束) 范围,则检查是否包含在指定范围内,该方法与 python find()方法一样,只不过如果str不在 string中会报一个异常。 (默认 0 和字符串长度 - 1)
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
sub_string = 'da'
print(challenge.index(sub_string)) # 7
print(challenge.index(sub_string, 9)) # error
9.rindex()
返回子字符串的最高索引,附加参数指示开始和结束索引(默认 0 和字符串长度 - 1)
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
sub_string = 'da'
print(challenge.rindex(sub_string)) # 8
print(challenge.rindex(sub_string, 9)) # error
print(challenge.rindex(sub_string, 7)) # 7
10.isalnum()
检测字符串是否由字母和数字组合
如果 string 至少有一个字符并且所有字符都是字母或数字则返回 True,否则返回 False
challenge = 'ThirtyDaysPython'
print(challenge.isalnum()) # True
challenge = '30DaysPython'
print(challenge.isalnum()) # True
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.isalnum()) # False, space is not an alphanumeric character
challenge = 'thirty days of python 2019'
print(challenge.isalnum()) # False
11.join()
拼接字符串
web_tech = ['HTML', 'CSS', 'JavaScript', 'React']
result = ' '.join(web_tech)
print(result) # 'HTML CSS JavaScript React'
web_tech = ['HTML', 'CSS', 'JavaScript', 'React']
result = '# '.join(web_tech)
print(result) # 'HTML# CSS# JavaScript# React'
12.strip()
删除字符串
challenge = 'thirty days of pythoonnn'
print(challenge.strip('noth')) # 'irty days of py'
13.replace()
替换字符串
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.replace('python', 'coding')) # 'thirty days of coding'
14.split()
分割字符串
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.split()) # ['thirty', 'days', 'of', 'python']
challenge = 'thirty, days, of, python'
print(challenge.split(', ')) # ['thirty', 'days', 'of', 'python']
15.startswith()
检查字符串是否以指定的字符串开头
challenge = 'thirty days of python'
print(challenge.startswith('thirty')) # True
challenge = '30 days of python'
print(challenge.startswith('thirty')) # False
总结
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