给你一个包含 n 个整数的数组 nums,判断 nums 中是否存在三个元素 a,b,c ,使得 a + b + c = 0 ?请你找出所有满足条件且不重复的三元组。
注意:答案中不可以包含重复的三元组。
示例:
给定数组 nums = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4],
满足要求的三元组集合为:
[
[-1, 0, 1],
[-1, -1, 2]
]
Java实现:
class Solution {
public List<List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] nums) {// 总时间复杂度:O(n^2)
List<List<Integer>> ans = new ArrayList<>();
if (nums == null || nums.length <= 2) return ans;
Arrays.sort(nums); // O(nlogn)
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length - 2; i++) { // O(n^2)
if (nums[i] > 0) break; // 第一个数大于 0,后面的数都比它大,肯定不成立了
if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) continue; // 去掉重复情况
int target = -nums[i];
int left = i + 1, right = nums.length - 1;
while (left < right) {
if (nums[left] + nums[right] == target) {
ans.add(new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(nums[i], nums[left], nums[right])));
// 现在要增加 left,减小 right,但是不能重复,比如: [-2, -1, -1, -1, 3, 3, 3], i = 0, left = 1, right = 6, [-2, -1, 3] 的答案加入后,需要排除重复的 -1 和 3
left++; right--; // 首先无论如何先要进行加减操作
while (left < right && nums[left] == nums[left - 1]) left++;
while (left < right && nums[right] == nums[right + 1]) right--;
} else if (nums[left] + nums[right] < target) {
left++;
} else { // nums[left] + nums[right] > target
right--;
}
}
}
return ans;
}
}
public class MainClass {
public static int[] stringToIntegerArray(String input) {
input = input.trim();
input = input.substring(1, input.length() - 1);
if (input.length() == 0) {
return new int[0];
}
String[] parts = input.split(",");
int[] output = new int[parts.length];
for(int index = 0; index < parts.length; index++) {
String part = parts[index].trim();
output[index] = Integer.parseInt(part);
}
return output;
}
public static String integerArrayListToString(List<Integer> nums, int length) {
if (length == 0) {
return "[]";
}
String result = "";
for(int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
Integer number = nums.get(index);
result += Integer.toString(number) + ", ";
}
return "[" + result.substring(0, result.length() - 2) + "]";
}
public static String integerArrayListToString(List<Integer> nums) {
return integerArrayListToString(nums, nums.size());
}
public static String int2dListToString(List<List<Integer>> nums) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("[");
for (List<Integer> list: nums) {
sb.append(integerArrayListToString(list));
sb.append(",");
}
sb.setCharAt(sb.length() - 1, ']');
return sb.toString();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
int[] nums = stringToIntegerArray(line);
List<List<Integer>> ret = new Solution().threeSum(nums);
String out = int2dListToString(ret);
System.out.print(out);
}
}
}