MySQL主从复制

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 11:01:45 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 11:01:45 发布

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分类专栏： MySQL 文章标签： mysql

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45521122/article/details/119610213

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1、基础设置准备
#操作系统：
centos 7.5
#mysql版本:5.7.33
#两台虚拟机：
mysql01:192.168.147.11（主）
mysql02:192.168.147.12（从）

2、安装mysql数据库

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

cd /usr/local/
tar zxf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql5.7
cd mysql5.7/
mkdir data
mkdir logs
touch logs/mysqld.log
root@0004 local]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7/
datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7/
datasocket=/usr/local/mysql5.7/mysql.sock
user=root
symbolic-links=0
lower_case_table_names=1
max_connections=200
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M

[client]
port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql5.7/mysql.sock

[mysqld_safe]log-error=/usr/local/mysql5.7/logs/mysqld.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql5.7/logs/mysqld.pid

# 初始化
mysqlbin/mysqld --initialize --user=root --basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7/data/

# 启动
cp /usr/local/mysql5.7/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
service mysqld start

# 添加环境变量
vim /etc/profile
# MYSQL
export MYSQL_HOME="/usr/local/mysql5.7/"
export PATH="$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin"

source /etc/profile

# 登陆 ，使用初始化时候生成的密码
mysql -uroot -ph)tyPFj3DxiG

# 修改默认密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;

# 创建远程用户
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user from user;
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';

3、在两台数据库中分别创建数据库
–注意两台必须全部执行

create database pepsidb;

4、在主（mysql01）服务器进行如下配置：
#修改配置文件，执行以下命令打开mysql配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf
#在mysqld模块中添加如下配置信息
log-bin=master-bin #二进制文件名称
binlog-format=ROW  #二进制日志格式，有row、statement、mixed三种格式，row指的是把改变的内容复制过去，而不是把命令在从服务器上执行一遍，statement指的是在主服务器上执行的SQL语句，
    				在从服务器上执行同样的语句。MySQL默认采用基于语句的复制，效率比较高。mixed指的是默认采用基于语句的复制，一旦发现基于语句的无法精确的复制时，就会采用基于行的复制。
server-id=1	#要求各个服务器的id必须不一样
binlog-do-db=pepsidb   #同步的数据库名称

5、在主服务器上配置从服务器登录主服务器的账号授权
–授权操作

set global validate_password_policy=0;
set global validate_password_length=1;
(有时候不用执行）
grant replication slave on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
--刷新权限
flush privileges;

6、从服务器的配置
#修改配置文件，执行以下命令打开mysql配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf
#在mysqld模块中添加如下配置信息
log-bin=master-bin	#二进制文件的名称
binlog-format=ROW	#二进制文件的格式
server-id=2			#服务器的id

7、重启主服务器的mysqld服务

#重启mysql服务
service mysqld restart
#登录mysql数据库
mysql -uroot -p
#查看master的状态
show master status;
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| master-bin.000002 |      589 | pepsidb      |                  |                   |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

8、重启从服务器并进行相关配置
#重启mysql服务

service mysqld restart


#登录mysql
mysql -uroot -p

#连接主服务器
change master to master_host='192.168.147.11',master_user='root',master_password='123456',master_port=3306,master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=589;


#启动slave
start slave


#查看slave的状态
show slave status\G(注意没有分号)   Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running都是yes，主从搭建成功
mysql> show slave status  \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.147.11
                  Master_User: root
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 589
               Relay_Log_File: mysql02-relay-bin.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 804
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 589
              Relay_Log_Space: 1180
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: b8038e31-fa4d-11eb-80d8-000c29f6dfb0
             Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql5.7/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: