Linux系统/data目录扩容

Linux系统/data目录扩容

[root@fdfs-ds01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rootvg-lv01 39G 8.1G 29G 23% /
tmpfs 7.8G 12K 7.8G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 34M 150M 19% /boot
/dev/mapper/datavg-lv02 2.0T 1.7T 182G 91% /data <==给data目录扩展2TB容量

一. 从VMware虚拟机添加一块2TB的硬盘到服务器

二. ESXi 不关机识别刚刚新添加的scsi硬盘
下面看一下在系统不重启的情况，如何让系统认识新的磁盘，并能对其分区与格式化
1、在开机状态下新增磁盘
2、执行下面的命令
[root@fdfs-ds01 ~]# echo “- - -” > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
[root@fdfs-ds01 ~]# echo “- - -” > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
[root@fdfs-ds01 ~]# echo “- - -” > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
特别注意
① “- – -” 这三个-之间是有空格的
② 假如 fdisk -l 还是未发现新硬盘，则将上面命令中的host0,替换为host1,host2,…看看
我们再查看系统日志/var/log/messages，发现对SCSI设备进行了一次重新扫描，用fdisk -l也看到了新增加的磁盘了。上面的命令主要的目的就是scan the SCSI bus。

[root@fdfs-ds01 ~]# fdisk -l | grep D
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0002f8b7
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Disk /dev/sdb: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc1f030ee
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Disk /dev/mapper/rootvg-lv01: 41.6 GB, 41641050112 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/datavg-lv02: 2146.4 GB, 2146409906176 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdc: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes <==看到硬盘被成功识别出来了
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

三. 格式化新添加的硬盘
[root@fdfs-ds01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x07d85a0a.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won’t be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: The size of this disk is 2.2 TB (2199023255552 bytes).
DOS partition table format can not be used on drives for volumes
larger than (2199023255040 bytes) for 512-byte sectors. Use parted(1) and GUID
partition table format (GPT).

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It’s strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command ‘c’) and change display units to
sectors (command ‘u’).

Command (m for help): n <==命令 n 用于添加新分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p <==择创建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 <==主分区的编号
First cylinder (1-267349, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-267349, default 267349):
Using default value 267349

Command (m for help): w <==保存所有配置并退出
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@fdfs-ds01 data]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1

四. 扩充根分区
接着，使用vgextend 命令加到lvm组里面去，做如下操作：
[root@fdfs-ds01 data]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv02 datavg -wi-ao---- 1.95t
lv01 rootvg -wi-ao---- 38.78g

[root@fdfs-ds01 data]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1
Physical volume “/dev/sdc1” successfully created

[root@fdfs-ds01 data]# vgextend datavg /dev/sdc1
Volume group “datavg” successfully extended

[root@fdfs-ds01 data]# vgdisplay
— Volume group —
VG Name datavg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 4.00 TiB <==VG组容量已经从2TB增加到4TB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1048574
Alloc PE / Size 511744 / 1.95 TiB
Free PE / Size 536830 / 2.05 TiB <==主要查看Free PE / Size，说明我们最多可以有2.05TB的扩充空间
VG UUID Z7H7Wd-O7hT-69tE-7iq2-TXNi-0xIO-nCqoIk

— Volume group —
VG Name rootvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 38.78 GiB
PE Size 32.00 MiB
Total PE 1241
Alloc PE / Size 1241 / 38.78 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID Hnif90-DJXc-elxC-Hn1H-aQfn-Ysvb-iDCJrF

最后，给/data目录增加空间
[root@fdfs-ds01 data]# lvextend -L +1.98T /dev/mapper/datavg-lv02 /dev/sdc1
Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 1.98 TiB
Extending logical volume lv02 to 3.93 TiB
Logical volume lv02 successfully resized

使用 resize2fs 命令刷新 /dev/mapper/datavg-lv02 文件系统大小
[root@fdfs-ds01 data]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/datavg-lv02
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/datavg-lv02 is mounted on /data; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 125, new_desc_blocks = 252
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/datavg-lv02 to 1055528960 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/datavg-lv02 is now 1055528960 blocks long.

如果说resize2fs报错
resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/mapper/centos-root
需要更换命令xfs_growfs
xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/datavg-lv02

[root@fdfs-ds01 data]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rootvg-lv01 39G 8.1G 29G 23% /
tmpfs 7.8G 12K 7.8G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 34M 150M 19% /boot
/dev/mapper/datavg-lv02 3.9T 1.7T 2.1T 45% /data <==给/data目录扩展2TB容量完成