微信获取accessToken及自定义公众号菜单

微信获取accessToken及自定义公众号菜单

1 微信获取accessToken

1.1 accessToken介绍及接口文档

access_token是公众号的全局唯一接口调用凭据，公众号调用各接口时都需使用access_token。开发者需要进行妥善保存。access_token的存储至少要保留512个字符空间。access_token的有效期目前为2个小时，需定时刷新，重复获取将导致上次获取的access_token失效。

详细介绍：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Basic_Information/Get_access_token.html

1.2 获取accessToken

①创建AccessToken类

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class AccessToken {

    private String access_token;

    //过期时间【此处的过期时间我求的是时间戳为多少的时候过期，而不是一个时间段】
    private long expires_time;

    public AccessToken(String access_token, Integer expires_in){
        this.access_token = access_token;
        expires_time = System.currentTimeMillis() + expires_in * 1000;
    }

    public boolean isExpire(){
        return System.currentTimeMillis() > expires_time;
    }
}

②创建配置类，读取application.properties的appId与secret

@Configuration
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class WxConfig {
    @Value("${wx.appId}")
    public String appId;

    @Value("${wx.secret}")
    public String secret;

}

我们测试账号的appID与secret在:
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandboxinfo?action=showinfo&t=sandbox/index

测试账号申请参考：https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=127282111

③获取accessToken

报文发送，我采用okHttp

<!--报文发送-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
    <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.0</version>
</dependency>

service：

@Service
public class WxService {

	//注入appId与secret
	@Autowired
	private WxConfig wxConfig;
	
	//请求微信地址【get方式】
	private String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
	
	/**
	 * 获取accessToken
	 *
	 * @return
	 */
	public AccessToken getAccessToken() {
	    String APPID = wxConfig.getAppId();
	    String SECRET = wxConfig.getSecret();
	    //拼接url【传入appId和secret】
	    url = url.replace("APPID", APPID).replace("APPSECRET", SECRET);
	    OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
	    //构建请求
	    Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
	    Call call = client.newCall(request);
	    Response response = null;
	    try {
	        //获取响应体
	        response = call.execute();
	        //{"access_token":"ACCESS_TOKEN","expires_in":7200} 返回体类型
	        if (response != null) {
	            ResponseBody body = response.body();
	            String bodyStr = body.string();
	            JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(bodyStr);
	            //获取过期时间
	            String access_token = (String) jsonObject.get("access_token");
	            Integer expires_in = (Integer) jsonObject.get("expires_in");
	            AccessToken accessToken = new AccessToken(access_token, expires_in);
	            return accessToken;
	        }
	    } catch (IOException e) {
	        e.printStackTrace();
	    }
	    return null;
	}

}

2 自定义公众号菜单

官方文档：
https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Custom_Menus/Creating_Custom-Defined_Menu.html

请求示例：

 {
     "button":[
     {	
          "type":"click",
          "name":"今日歌曲",
          "key":"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC"
      },
      {
           "name":"菜单",
           "sub_button":[
           {	
               "type":"view",
               "name":"搜索",
               "url":"http://www.soso.com/"
            },
            {
                 "type":"miniprogram",
                 "name":"wxa",
                 "url":"http://mp.weixin.qq.com",
                 "appid":"wx286b93c14bbf93aa",
                 "pagepath":"pages/lunar/index"
             },
            {
               "type":"click",
               "name":"赞一下我们",
               "key":"V1001_GOOD"
            }]
       }]
 }

①导入依赖

 <!--报文发送-->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
     <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
     <version>3.8.0</version>
 </dependency>
 <!--处理json数据-->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
     <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
     <version>1.2.83</version>
 </dependency>
 
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
     <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
     <version>1.18.24</version>
 </dependency>

②基础类创建【准备拼接返回json】

AbstractButton :

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public abstract class AbstractButton {
    private String name;
    public AbstractButton(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
}

BaseButton :

@Data
public class BaseButton {

    @JSONField(name = "button")
    private List<AbstractButton> buttonList = new ArrayList<>();
}

ClickButton :

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class ClickButton extends AbstractButton{
    private String type = "click";
    private String key;

    public ClickButton(String name){
        super(name);
    }
}

SubButton :

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class SubButton extends AbstractButton{

    @JSONField(name = "sub_button")
    private List<AbstractButton> buttonList = new ArrayList<>();

    public SubButton(String name){
        super(name);
    }
}

ViewButton :

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class ViewButton extends AbstractButton{
    private String type = "view";
    private String url;

    public ViewButton(String name){
        super(name);
    }
}

其他按钮参考该模式实现

③service实现

@Service
public class WxService {
	//自定义菜单【post方式】
    private String url_post = " https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";

    public static final MediaType TYPE_JSON = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");

	/**
     * 测试自定义菜单
     */
    public String testButtonBySelf(){
        //创建菜单对象
        BaseButton baseButton = new BaseButton();
        //第一部分一级菜单：创建clickButton
        ClickButton clickButton = new ClickButton("点击有惊喜");
        clickButton.setKey("click1001");
        //第二部分一级菜单：创建子菜单
        SubButton subButton = new SubButton("菜单");
        //创建子菜单中的viewButton
        ViewButton subViewButton = new ViewButton("百度一下");
        subViewButton.setUrl("https://www.baidu.com/");
        ClickButton subClickButton = new ClickButton("子菜单下的点击");
        subClickButton.setKey("subButtonClick1002");
        //将子菜单中的button添加到子菜单中
        List<AbstractButton> subButtonList = subButton.getButtonList();
        subButtonList.add(subViewButton);
        subButtonList.add(subClickButton);
        //第三部分一级菜单：创建viewButton
        ViewButton viewButton = new ViewButton("网易新闻");
        viewButton.setUrl("https://www.163.com/");
        //拼接button
        List<AbstractButton> baseButtonList = baseButton.getButtonList();
        baseButtonList.add(clickButton);
        baseButtonList.add(subButton);
        baseButtonList.add(viewButton);

        String jsonStr = JSONObject.toJSONString(baseButton);
        //发送POST请求
        OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        //请求体
        RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(TYPE_JSON, jsonStr);
        System.out.println("jsonStr========>" + jsonStr);
        //添加accessToken
        AccessToken accessToken = getAccessToken();
        String access_token = accessToken.getAccess_token();
        url_post = url_post.replaceAll("ACCESS_TOKEN", access_token);
        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url_post).post(body).build();
        try {
            String responseStr = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute().body().string();
            System.out.println(responseStr);
            return responseStr;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "";
    }
}

④controller调用

@RestController
public class WxController {

    @Autowired
    private WxService wxService;

    @GetMapping("/testButton")
    public String testButton(){
        String s = wxService.testButtonBySelf();
        return s;
    }
}

⑤测试

控制台打印：

jsonStr========>{"button":[{"key":"click1001","name":"点击有惊喜","type":"click"},{"name":"菜单","sub_button":[{"name":"百度一下","type":"view","url":"https://www.baidu.com/"},{"key":"subButtonClick1002","name":"子菜单下的点击","type":"click"}]},{"name":"网易新闻","type":"view","url":"https://www.163.com/"}]}
{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}

测试号：

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