帮助命令
docker version # 显示docker的版本信息
docker info # 显示docker的系统信息,包括镜像和容器的数量
decker 命令 --help # 帮助命令
帮助文档地址:https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/docker/
镜像命令
docker images 查看所有本地的主机上的镜像
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ www]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest d1165f221234 2 months ago 13.3kB
docker search 搜索镜像
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ www]# docker search mysql
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 10940 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 4137 [OK]
docker pull 下载镜像
docker pull 镜像名[:版本号]
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ www]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest # 如果不写tag(版本号), 默认就是latest(最新的版本)
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
69692152171a: Pull complete # 分层下载,docker iamge的核心联合文件系统
1651b0be3df3: Pull complete
951da7386bc8: Pull complete
0f86c95aa242: Pull complete
37ba2d8bd4fe: Pull complete
6d278bb05e94: Pull complete
497efbd93a3e: Pull complete
f7fddf10c2c2: Pull complete
16415d159dfb: Pull complete
0e530ffc6b73: Pull complete
b0a4a1a77178: Pull complete
cd90f92aa9ef: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:d50098d7fcb25b1fcb24e2d3247cae3fc55815d64fec640dc395840f8fa80969 # 签名
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest # 真实地址
等价于它
docker pull mysql
docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest
指定版本下载
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ www]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
69692152171a: Already exists
1651b0be3df3: Already exists
951da7386bc8: Already exists
0f86c95aa242: Already exists
37ba2d8bd4fe: Already exists
6d278bb05e94: Already exists
497efbd93a3e: Already exists
a023ae82eef5: Pull complete
e76c35f20ee7: Pull complete
e887524d2ef9: Pull complete
ccb65627e1c3: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a682e3c78fc5bd941e9db080b4796c75f69a28a8cad65677c23f7a9f18ba21fa
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
docker rmi 删除容器
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ /]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
09faddea7de9 centos "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago gracious_engelbart
f0fbede8e423 d1165f221234 "/hello" 26 hours ago Exited (0) 26 hours ago dazzling_feynman
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ /]# docker ps -a -n=1
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
09faddea7de9 centos "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 minutes ago gracious_engelbart
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ /]# docker ps -aq
09faddea7de9
f0fbede8e423
查看镜像的元数据
# 命令
docker inspect 容器id
# 测试
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ /]# docker inspect b92fcc5be694
[
{
"Id": "b92fcc5be694430be203bb5f0aaab30c1c7bfe599834c764ed3f3625ecc9eccf",
"Created": "2021-06-02T15:30:55.47507759Z",
"Path": "/bin/bash",
"Args": [],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 14800,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2021-06-02T15:30:55.783918494Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b92fcc5be694430be203bb5f0aaab30c1c7bfe599834c764ed3f3625ecc9eccf/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b92fcc5be694430be203bb5f0aaab30c1c7bfe599834c764ed3f3625ecc9eccf/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b92fcc5be694430be203bb5f0aaab30c1c7bfe599834c764ed3f3625ecc9eccf/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b92fcc5be694430be203bb5f0aaab30c1c7bfe599834c764ed3f3625ecc9eccf/b92fcc5be694430be203bb5f0aaab30c1c7bfe599834c764ed3f3625ecc9eccf-json.log",
"Name": "/quizzical_burnell",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "host",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/50a4c42976bdb0d079b781f96e3bae5b4befed082c71ec77f725543ffe48600a-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3b5419269ce53c2460ce4b47a59422ab1b744c955d9585a952d328596bf3baa3/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/50a4c42976bdb0d079b781f96e3bae5b4befed082c71ec77f725543ffe48600a/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/50a4c42976bdb0d079b781f96e3bae5b4befed082c71ec77f725543ffe48600a/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/50a4c42976bdb0d079b781f96e3bae5b4befed082c71ec77f725543ffe48600a/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "b92fcc5be694",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": true,
"AttachStdout": true,
"AttachStderr": true,
"Tty": true,
"OpenStdin": true,
"StdinOnce": true,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash"
],
"Image": "centos",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "c94d9f057844953faf56cab3a3827a1b3aa92cdad41bee76c2a246ebd636db78",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/c94d9f057844",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "79cf65f30ec837e53458901f637fe930fec520279cde5bd7c6e150995dfc4041",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "40685a4b33e8d3d586cb21686cf52b5d1701800de40b94af8304e93ab8444015",
"EndpointID": "79cf65f30ec837e53458901f637fe930fec520279cde5bd7c6e150995dfc4041",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
从容器拷贝东西到主机上
docker 测评容器id:容器内路径 目的的主机路径
测试
查看当前主机下
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ home]# ls
lhf.java
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ home]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b92fcc5be694 centos "/bin/bash" 25 minutes ago Up 25 minutes quizzical_burnell
# 进入docker容器内部
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ home]# docker attach b92fcc5be694
[root@b92fcc5be694 /]# cd /home
[root@b92fcc5be694 home]# ls
# 在容器内新建一个文件
[root@b92fcc5be694 home]# touch test.java
[root@b92fcc5be694 home]# ls
test.java
[root@b92fcc5be694 home]# exit
exit
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ home]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ home]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b92fcc5be694 centos "/bin/bash" 26 minutes ago Exited (0) 25 seconds ago quizzical_burnell
# 将这文件拷贝出来到主机上
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ home]# docker cp b92fcc5be694:home/test.java /home
[root@iZbp1ce780a5j2zww8kl9hZ home]# ls
lhf.java test.java
# 拷贝是一个手动过程,之后可以使用 -v 卷的技术可以实现自动同步 /home /home
小结