Fragment的使用

1.Fragment介绍

Fragment，英文碎片的意思，早期应用在平板设计中

2.Fragment应用

3.如何创建Fragment

步骤1：创建Fragment对象:(右击新建Fragment一步搞定)

(1).定义一个类, 继承Fragment
(2).重写父类的方法onCreateView()
(3).在onCreateView()方法中, 为Fragment 创建UI界面

4.显示Fragment

1.静态显示

1.java代码

  @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        View inflate = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_blank, container, false);
                Log.i(TAG, "onCreateView: "+"创建view");
        return inflate;
    }

1.xml布局

2.动态显示

（1）创建多个Fragment类：此处省略
（2）MainActivity代码：MainActivity.java

        fl = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.fl);

        blankFragment=new BlankFragment();

        FragmentManager manager = getSupportFragmentManager();
        FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = manager.beginTransaction();

        fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.fl,blankFragment);

        fragmentTransaction.commit();

布局文件

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fl"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    </FrameLayout>

5.FragmentManager

1.简介
中文名称：碎片管理器
出生日期：Android 3.0/API level 11
助 理：FragmentTransaction
获取方式：①Android 3.0前的版本使用getSupportFragmentManager()方法获取
②Android 3.0之后的版本用getFragmentManager()获取

2.实现流程
1：获得FragmentManager对象
FragmentManager fragmentManager=getFragmentManager();
2：开启事务
FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
3：通过FragmentTransaction 调用add()、replace()方法管理fragment
4：transaction .commit();

6.Fragment的生命周期

private static final String TAG = "BlankFragment";

  @Override
    public void onAttach(Context context) {
        super.onAttach(context);
        Log.i(TAG, "onAttach: "+"建立连接");
    }

  @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate: "+"调用Fragment");
    }

   @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,

                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        View inflate = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_blank, container, false);
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreateView: "+"创建view");
        return inflate;

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        Log.i(TAG, "onActivityCreated: "+"回调");
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        Log.i(TAG, "onStart: "+"启动回调");
    }
    
  	@Override
    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        Log.i(TAG, "onResume: "+"用户交互");
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        Log.i(TAG, "onPause: "+"暂停");
    } 
      
    @Override
    public void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        Log.i(TAG, "onStop: "+"停止");
    }
    
  	@Override
    public void onDestroyView() {
        super.onDestroyView();
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroyView: "+"销毁视图");
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy: "+"销毁Fragment");
    }
    @Override
    public void onDetach() {
        super.onDetach();
        Log.i(TAG, "onDetach: "+"删除完成");
    }