企业实战LNMP高性能服务器

企业实战LNMP高性能服务器：

• LNMP WEB架构中，Nginx为一款高性能Web服务器，本身是不能处理PHP的，当接收到客户端浏览器发送HTTP Request请求时,Nginx服务器响应并处理web请求，静态资源CSS、图片、视频、TXT等静态文件请求，Nginx服务器可以直接处理并回应。
• 但是PHP动态页面请求Nginx不能直接处理，Nginx服务器会将PHP网页脚本通过接口传输协议（网关协议）PHP-FCGI（Fast-CGI）传输给PHP-FPM（进程管理程序）,PHP-FPM不做处理，然后PHP-FPM调用PHP解析器进程，PHP解析器解析PHP脚本信息。PHP解析器进程可以启动多个，可以实现多进行并发执行。
• PHP解释器将解析后的脚本返回到PHP-FPM，PHP-FPM再通过Fast-CGI的形式将脚本信息传送给Nginx,Nginx服务器再通过Http Response的形式传送给浏览器,浏览器再进行解析与渲染然后进行呈现。

1. 安装MySQL：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld

注意：这里必须配置好MySQL yum源，才可执行以上操作，可以参考怎么用yum安装MySQL

2. 安装nginx:

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install nginx
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx

注意：这里需要配置好nginx yum源才可以执行，可以参考nginx的安装

3. 安装php:

3.1. 安装依赖包：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gd curl curl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel

3.2. 下载php源码包：

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.8.tar.bz2

3.3. 解压php源码包：

[root@localhost ~]# tar -xf php-5.6.8.tar.bz2 -C /usr/src/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/php-5.6.8/

3.4. 预编译：

[root@localhost php-5.6.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php  \

 --enable-fpm \

 --enable-debug \

 --with-gd \

 --with-jpeg-dir \

 --with-png-dir \

 --with-freetype-dir \

 --enable-mbstring \

 --with-curl \

 --with-mysql=mysqlnd \

 --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \

 --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \

 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \

 --with-zlib-dir

3.5. 编译&&安装：

[root@localhost php-5.6.8]# make && make install
[root@localhost php-5.6.8]# cp php.ini-development  /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-5.6.8]# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-5.6.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-5.6.8]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

3.6. 修改php-fpm的用户：

[root@localhost php-5.6.8]#  vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
修改以下内容：
user = nginx

group = nginx

3.7. 启动php-fpm:

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start 

4. 下载门户网站文件:

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.9.5/phpMyAdmin-4.9.5-all-languages.zip
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://wordpress.org/wordpress-4.9.4.zip
[root@localhost ~]#  unzip phpMyAdmin-4.9.5-all-languages.zip  -d /usr/share/nginx/html/
[root@localhost ~]# unzip wordpress-4.9.5.zip -d /usr/share/nginx/html/
[root@localhost ~]# chown nginx.  -R /usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress/
[root@localhost ~]# chown nginx.  -R /usr/share/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin-4.9.5-all-languages/

5. 创建虚拟主机:

修改配置文件如下：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
include /etc/nginx/vhost/*.conf;
创建虚拟主机配置文件：
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/nginx/vhost
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/vhost/blog.wordpress.com.conf

server          {
        listen  80;
        server_name     blog.wordpress.com;
        charset         utf-8;
        access_log      /var/log/nginx/wordpress.access.log     main;
        location        /       {
                root    /usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress;
                index   index.php  index.html  index.htm;
}               
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        
        location = /50x.html {
        
                root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
            
        }
            
        location ~ \.php$ {
            
            root           /usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress;
            
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
        
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

            include        fastcgi_params;

        }
}
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/nginx/vhost/www.boke.com.conf 
server          {
        listen  80;
        server_name     www.boke.com;
        charset         utf-8;
        access_log      /var/log/nginx/boke.access.log  main;
        location        /       {
                root    /usr/share/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin-4.9.5-all-languages;
                index   index.php  index.html  index.htm;
}
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

                root   /usr/share/nginx/html;

        }

        location ~ \.php$ {

            root           /usr/share/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin-4.9.5-all-languages;

            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

            fastcgi_index  index.php;

            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

            include        fastcgi_params;

        }
}

6. 创建数据库：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
在mysqld指令块输入以下内容：
validate_password_policy=0
validate_password_length=4
重启服务：
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
进入MySQL：
[root@localhost ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log 
2020-03-21T22:18:16.434127Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pWpa,pBJa21B
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -ppWpa,pBJa21B
必须修改初始密码才可以操作其他内容：
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '1234';
mysql> create database phpMyAdmin charset=utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database wordpress charset=utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on phpMyAdmin.* to 'phpMyAdmin'@'localhost' identified by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'localhost' identified by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit;

修改phpMyAdmin文件内容：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin-4.9.2-all-languages/libraries/config.default.php
修改以下内容：
 * @global string $cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']
 */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = '127.0.0.1';  默认是localhost修改为127.0.0.1

7. 修改Windows系统的hosts文件：

路径：C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
修改如下：
192.168.2.10 www.boke.com bolg.wordpress.com

验证：

www.boke.com
blog.wordpress.com