构造 ---- D. AB Graph(偶数和3远环的关系)

题目链接

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题目大意：

$n$个点组成的有向完全图，边权为$a$和$b$，你可以走$m$步，问是否有可能走出回文串??

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解题思路：

1. 首先我们发现如果$(u,v)=(v,u)$的话就可以来回走了
2. 如果$m$是奇数那么在一条边里面来回就可以构造了
3. 如果$m$是偶数：我们要找到一个三元回路，回路上面有两个相同的字母！
4. 因为字母只有$a,b$那么很明显任意一个三元回路都可以（鸽巢原理）
5. 我们观察一下如果全是$aaa$那么肯定没什么好讨论的
6. 环可以是$aba$,那么我们看看$abaabaabaaba....$
7. 找规律我们可以发现从$m\%3$的位置开始取$m$位一定是回文串

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ACcode

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define mid ((l + r) >> 1) 
#define Lson rt << 1, l , mid
#define Rson rt << 1|1, mid + 1, r
#define ms(a,al) memset(a,al,sizeof(a))
#define _for(i,a,b) for( int i = (a); i < (b); ++i)
#define _rep(i,a,b) for( int i = (a); i <= (b); ++i)
#define for_(i,a,b) for( int i = (a); i >= (b); -- i)
#define rep_(i,a,b) for( int i = (a); i > (b); -- i)
#define lowbit(x) ((-x) & x)
#define IOS std::ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define hash Hash
#define next Next
#define f first
#define s second
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1e5 + 10;
const double eps = 1e-9;
typedef long long LL;
typedef unsigned long long ULL;
typedef pair<int,int> PII;
int _;
int n, k;
char ch[1005][1005];

void slove() {
    int center = -1;
    PII taga = {-1,-1};
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++ i) {
       for(int j = 1; j <= n; ++ j) {
           if(ch[i][j] == 'a') taga.first = j;
           else if(ch[i][j] == 'b') taga.second = j;
       }
       if(taga.first != -1 && taga.second != -1) {
           center = i;
           break;
       }
       taga = {-1,-1};
    }
   cout << "YES\n";
   int a[] = {center,taga.first,taga.second};
   int b[] = {taga.first,taga.second,center};
   int c[] = {taga.second,center,taga.first};
   for(int i = 0; i <= k; ++ i) {
       if(k % 3 == 0) cout << a[i%3] << " ";
       else if(k % 3 == 1) cout << b[i%3] << " ";
       else cout << c[i%3] << " ";
   }
   cout << endl;
   return;
}

int main()
{
    IOS;
    cin >> _;
    while(_--) {
        cin >> n >> k;
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++ i) 
            cin >> (ch[i] + 1);
        int u, v;
        for(int i = 1; i <= n ; ++ i)
          for(int j = 1; j <= n ; ++ j) {
              if(i == j) continue;
              if(ch[i][j] == ch[j][i]) {
                  u = i, v = j;
                  goto loop;
              }
          }
        
        if(k & 1) {
            cout << "YES\n";
            for(int i = 1; i <= k + 1; ++ i)
               if(i & 1) cout << "1 ";
               else cout << "2 ";
             cout << endl;
            
        } else {
            if(n == 2) cout << "NO\n";
            else slove();
        }
        
        continue;
        
        loop:
        // 有对称的边来回走就可以了
        cout << "YES\n";
        for(int i = 1; i <= k + 1; ++ i)
           if(i & 1) cout << u << " ";
           else cout << v << " ";
        cout << endl;
    }

}