本案例用的环境及软件资源:
- idea2019
- commons-io-2.8.0.jar(apche)
- jdk1.8
- 请在有线程概念基础下学习本章
- 视频地址:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1V4411p7EF?p=8
注意:一定要将jar包引入library否则图片下载会有问题
线程创建三种方式
三种线程创建:
第一种Thread类继承
- 自定义线程类继承Thread类
- 重写run()方法,编写线程执行体
- 创建线程对象,调用start()方法启动线程
实现例子需求1:
继承Thread类,重写run()方法,调用start()开启线程
public class TestThread1 extends Thread{
@Overried
public void run(){
//run方法线程体
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("我在看代码----");
}
}
//主线程
public static void main(String[] args){
//创建线程对象
TestThread1 testThread1 = new TestThread1();
//调用start
testThread1.start();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("我在学习多线程-----"+i);
}
}
}
实例需求2:
利用apache的io包进行图片多线程下载
//练习Thread,实现多线程同步下载图片
//练习Thread,实现多线程同步下载图片
public class TestThread2 extends Thread{
private String url;
private String name;
public TestThread2(String url,String name){
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public void run() {
WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
System.out.println("下载文件名为:"+name);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestThread2 t1 = new TestThread2("https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201008192015376.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYzNzkyMA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center","1.jpg");
TestThread2 t2 = new TestThread2("https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020100920292649.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYzNzkyMA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center","2.jpg");
TestThread2 t3 = new TestThread2("https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020101016040721.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYzNzkyMA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center","3.jpg");
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
}
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
//下载方法
public void downloader(String url, String name) {
try {
FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
第二种Runable接口实现(推荐使用Runnable接口,java具有单继承局限性)
- 定义MyRunnable类实现Runnable接口
- 实现run()方法,编写线程执行体
- 创建线程对象,调用start()方法启动线程
实例需求1:
实现runable接口,重写run方法执行线程丢入ruanable接口实现类,调用start
//创建线程方式2:实现runable接口,重写run方法执行线程丢入ruanable接口实现类,调用start
public class TestThread3 implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
//run方法线程体
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("我再看代码----");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建runable接口的实现类
TestThread3 testThread3 = new TestThread3();
//创建线程对象
Thread thread = new Thread(testThread3);
thread.start();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("我在学习多线程-----"+i);
}
}
}
实例需求2:
模拟抢票,有10张票,三个人(小明、老师、黄牛党),输出抢票过程
//多个线程同时操作同一个对象
//买火车票
//多个线程操作同一个资源线程不安全,数据紊乱
public class TestThread4 implements Runnable{
//票数
private int ticketNumbers = 10;
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
if (ticketNumbers<=0){
break;
}
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到了第"+ticketNumbers--+"张票");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestThread4 ticket = new TestThread4();
new Thread(ticket,"小明").start();
new Thread(ticket,"老师").start();
new Thread(ticket,"黄牛党").start();
}
}
第三种实现Callable接口
- 实现callable接口,需要返回值类型(与call同步)
- 重写call方法,需要抛出异常
- 创建目标对象
- 创建执行服务:
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
- 提交执行:
Future<Boolean> result1 = service.submit(t1);
- 获取结果:
boolean r1 = result1.get();
- 关闭服务:
service.shutdown();
利用callable改造下载图片案例
//线程创建方式三:实现callable接口
/*
callable的好处
1.可以定义返回值
2.可以抛出异常
*/
public class TestCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {
private String url;
private String name;
public TestCallable(String url,String name){
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public Boolean call() {
WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
System.out.println("下载文件名为:"+name);
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
TestCallable t1 = new TestCallable("https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201008192015376.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYzNzkyMA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center","1.jpg");
TestCallable t2 = new TestCallable("https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020100920292649.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYzNzkyMA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center","2.jpg");
TestCallable t3 = new TestCallable("https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020101016040721.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYzNzkyMA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center","3.jpg");
//创建执行服务
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
//提交执行
Future<Boolean> result1 = service.submit(t1);
Future<Boolean> result2 = service.submit(t2);
Future<Boolean> result3 = service.submit(t3);
//获取结果
boolean r1 = result1.get();
boolean r2 = result2.get();
boolean r3 = result3.get();
//关闭服务
service.shutdown();
}
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
//下载方法
public void downloader(String url, String name) {
try {
FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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