基于Ubuntu、CentOS的Docker环境

在Centos上安装

linux内核版本依赖

kernel version >= 3.8

可以使用如下命令查看

[root@centos-7 ~]#uname -a | awk '{split($3, arr, "-"); print arr[1]}'
3.10.0

如果已安装过Docker, 需要移除老版本的Docker

sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

添加Docker repository yum源

# 国内源, 速度更快, 推荐
sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo


# 官方源, 服务器在国外, 安装速度慢
# $ sudo yum-config-manager \
#     --add-repo \
#     https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

开始安装Docker Engine

sudo yum makecache fast
sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

开启Docker

sudo systemctl enable docker
sudo systemctl start docker

验证是否安装成功

 sudo docker run hello-world

如果出现"Hello from Docker.", 则代表运行成功

[root@centos-7 ~]#sudo docker run hello-world

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

如果在每次运行docker命令是, 在前面不添加sudo, 可以执行如下命令:

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

一般也是root的超级权限也就用不着用sudo了

脚本部署docker

如果嫌上面安装步骤麻烦, 可以运行如下脚本来安装

不能在生产系统中使用

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror Aliyun

sudo systemctl enable docker
sudo systemctl start docker

sudo groupadd docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

在Ubuntu上安装

linux内核版本依赖

kernel version >= 3.8
可以使用如下命令查看

uname -a | awk '{split($3, arr, "-"); print arr[1]}'

操作系统依赖, 如下版本都可以

Disco 19.04
Cosmic 18.10
Bionic 18.04 (LTS)
Xenial 16.04 (LTS)

如果已安装过Docker, 需要移除老版本的Docker

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

使用Docker repository 来安装

# 更新apt包索引
sudo apt-get update

# 为支持https
sudo apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg-agent \
    software-properties-common
    
# 添加Docker GPG秘钥
# 国内源
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

# 或者国外源
# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

# 添加安装源
# 推荐国内源
sudo add-apt-repository \
    "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
    $(lsb_release -cs) \
    stable"
    
# 或者国外源
# sudo add-apt-repository \
#   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
#   $(lsb_release -cs) \
#   stable"

安装Docker

# 更新apt包索引
sudo apt-get update

# 安装docker
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

开启Docker

sudo systemctl enable docker

sudo systemctl start docker

验证是否安装成功

 sudo docker run hello-world

如果出现"Hello from Docker.", 则代表运行成功

如果在每次运行docker命令是, 在前面不添加sudo, 可以执行如下命令:

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

使用shell脚本安装Docker

Ubuntu和Centos上安装

vim install_docker_.sh

#!/bin/bash
#install docker in ubuntu and centos

function install_docker_in_ubuntu
{
    sudo  apt-get update -y
    # install some tools
    sudo apt-get install \
        apt-transport-https \
        ca-certificates \
        curl \
        gnupg-agent \
        software-properties-common \
        net-tools \
        wget -y

    # install docker
    curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
    sh get-docker.sh

    # start docker service
    sudo groupadd docker &> /dev/null
    sudo gpasswd -a "${USER}" docker
    sudo systemctl start docker

    rm -rf get-docker.sh
}


function install_docker_in_centos
{
    # install some tools
    sudo yum install -y git vim gcc glibc-static telnet bridge-utils

    # install docker
    curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
    sh get-docker.sh

    # start docker service
    sudo groupadd docker &> /dev/null
    sudo gpasswd -a "${USER}" docker
    sudo systemctl start docker

    rm -rf get-docker.sh

}


SYSTEM_NAME="$(awk -F= '/^NAME/{print $2}' /etc/os-release)"
if [[ "${SYSTEM_NAME,,}" =~ "ubuntu"  ]] ; then
    echo "Your system is ubuntu."
    echo "Installing Docker in ubuntu..."
    install_docker_in_ubuntu
elif [[ "${SYSTEM_NAME,,}" =~ "centos" ]] ; then
    echo "Your system is centos."
    echo "Installing Docker in centos..."
    install_docker_in_centos
else
    echo "This script can only run in ubuntu and centos system."
    exit 1
fi

Docker部署实验

docker单机部署rabbitmq