数据结构-单链表实现

头文件SList.h

#define ElemType int 
#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<assert.h>
typedef struct Node {//结点类型
	ElemType data;
	struct Node *next;
}Node,*PNode;
typedef struct List {//mylist单链表的结构
	PNode first;
	PNode last;
	size_t size;
}List;

void InitList(List *list);//初始化
void push_back(List *list, ElemType elem);//尾插
void push_front(List *list, ElemType elem);//头插
void Show_list(List *list);//显示
void pop_back(List *list);//尾删
void pop_front(List *list);//头删
void insert_val(List *list, ElemType elem);//按值插入
Node* find_val(List *list, ElemType elem);//按值查找
int length(List *list);//求链表长度
void delete_val(List *list, ElemType elem);//按值删除
void sort(List *list);//排序
void reserve(List *list);//逆序
void clear(List *list);//清除链表
void destroy(List *list);//销毁链表

源文件SList.c(函数实现)

#include"SList.h"
void InitList(List *list) {
	list->first = list->last = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
	assert(list->first != NULL);
	list->first->next = NULL;
	list->size = 0;
}

void push_back(	List *list,ElemType elem) {
	Node* s= (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
	assert(s != NULL);
	s->data = elem;
	s->next = NULL;
	list->last->next = s;
	list->last = s;
	list->size++;
}

void push_front(List *list, ElemType elem) {
	Node* s = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
	assert(s != NULL);
	s->data = elem;
	s -> next = list->first->next;
	list->first->next= s;
	if (list->size == 0) {//只有一个结点,则插入结点为第一个数据结点
		list->last = s;
	}
	list->size++;
}

void Show_list(List *list) {
	Node *p = list->first->next;
	while (p != NULL) {
		printf("%d-->", p->data);
		p = p->next;
	}
	printf("Nul.\n");
}

void pop_back(List *list) {
	if (list->size == 0)
		return;
	Node *p = list->first;
	while (p->next!= list->last) {
		p = p->next;
	}
	free(list->last);
	list->last = p;
	list->last->next = NULL;
	list->size--;
}

void pop_front(List *list) {
	if (list->size == 0)
		return;
	Node *p = list->first->next;//指向第一个数据结点
	list->first->next = p->next;
	free(p);
	if (list->size == 1)//存在一个头节点一个数据结点
	{
		list->last = list->first;
	}
	list->size--;
}

void insert_val(List *list, ElemType elem) {//必须单链表有序
	Node* s = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
	assert(s != NULL);
	s->data = elem;
	s->next = NULL;
	Node *p = list->first;
	while (p != NULL && p->next->data < elem) {
		p = p->next;
		//if (p->next== NULL) {
			//list->last = s;
		//}
	}
	s->next = p->next;
	p->next = s;
	list->size++;
}

Node* find_val(List *list, ElemType elem) {
	Node *p = list ->first->next;
	while (p != NULL && p->data != elem) {
		p = p->next;
	}
	return p;
}

int length(List *list) {
	return list->size;
}

void delete_val(List *list, ElemType elem) {
	if (list -> size == 0)
		return;
	Node *p = find_val(list, elem);
	if (p == NULL) {
		printf("要删除的值不存在\n");
		return;
	}

	if (p == list->last) {
		pop_back(list);
	}
	else {
		Node*q = p->next;
		p->data = q->data;
		p->next = q->next;
		free(q);
		list->size--;
	}
}

void sort(List *list) {
	if (list->size == 0 || list->size == 1)
		return;
	Node *s = list->first->next;
	Node *q = s->next;
	list->last = s;
	list->last->next = NULL;
	while (q != NULL) {
		s = q;
		q = q->next;
		Node *p = list->first;
		while (p->next != NULL && p->next->data < s->data) {
			p = p->next;
			if (p->next == NULL) {
				list->last = s;
			}
		}
		s->next = p->next;
		p->next = s;
	}
}

void reserve(List *list) {
	if (list->size == 0 || list->size == 1)
		return;
	else
	{
		Node *p = list->first->next;
		Node *q = p->next;
		list->last = p;
		list->last->next = NULL;
		while (q != NULL) {
			p = q;
			q = p->next;
			p->next = list->first->next;
			list->first->next = p;
		}
	}
}

void clear(List *list) {
	if (list->size == 0)
		return;
	Node *p = list->first->next;
	while (p != NULL) {
		list->first->next = p->next;
		free(p);
		p = list->first->next;
	}
	list->last = list->first;
	list->size = 0;
}

void destroy(List *list) {
	clear(list);//clear结束后只剩下头结点
	free(list->first);
	list->first = list->last = NULL;
}

测试文件(Main.c)

#include"SList.h"
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
	List mylist;
	Node *p = NULL;
	InitList(&mylist);
	ElemType select = 1, elem = 0;
	while (select) {
		printf("*******************************\n");
		printf("*[1] push_back***[2] push_front\n");
		printf("*[3] show_list***[4] pop_back\n");
		printf("*[5] pop_front***[6] insert_val\n");
		printf("*[7] find_val ***[8] length\n");
		printf("*[9] delete_val**[10] sort\n");
		printf("*[11] resever****[12] clear\n");
		printf("*[13*] destroy****[0] quit_syste\n");
		printf("*******************************\n");
		printf("请选择您要的操作：\n");
		scanf_s("%d", &select);
		if (select == 0)
			break;
		switch (select) {
		case 1:
			printf("请输入要插入的数据（-1表示结束)\n");
			while (scanf_s("%d", &elem) ,elem!= -1) {
				push_back(&mylist, elem);
			}
			break;
		case 2:
			printf("请输入要插入的数据（-1表示结束)\n");
			while (scanf_s("%d", &elem), elem != -1) {
				push_front(&mylist, elem);
			}
			break;
		case 3:
			Show_list(&mylist);
			break;
		case 4:
			pop_back(&mylist);
			break;
		case 5:
			pop_front(&mylist);
			break;
		case 6:
			printf("请输入要插入的数据:\n");
			scanf_s("%d", &elem);
			insert_val(&mylist,elem);
			break;
		case 7:
			printf("请输入要查找的数据:\n");
			scanf_s("%d", &elem);
			p=find_val(&mylist, elem);//返回该节点的地址
			if (p == NULL)
				printf("要查找的数据在链表中不存在\n");
			break;
		case 8:
			printf("单链表的长度为%d:\n", length(&mylist));
			break;
		case 9:
			printf("请输入要删除的值\n");
			scanf_s("%d", &elem);
			delete_val(&mylist, elem);
			break;
		case 10:
			sort(&mylist);
			break;
		case 11:
			reserve(&mylist);
			break;
		case 12:
			clear(&mylist);
			break;
		default:
			printf("输入的命令错误,请重新输入!\n");
			break;
		}
	}

	destroy(&mylist);
}