安装多版本python 建立虚拟环境

一、安装必需的模块

yum -y install bzip2-devel  ncurses-devel readline-devel tk-devel libffi-devel  expat-devel

二、官网下载源代码

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.14/Python-3.9.14.tar.xz
tar -xvJf Python-3.9.14.tar.xz # J 一定要大写

三、编译代码

# 建立编译目录
mkdir Python-3.9.14-build
cd Python-3.9.14-build
# 在编译目录里运行configure命令，成功后安装到/usr/local/python39目录
../Python-3.9.14/configure --prefix=/usr/local/python39 --enable-optimizations LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/sqlite-3.38.2/lib -L/usr/local/openssl-3.0.5/lib64" CPPFLAGS="-I /usr/local/sqlite-3.38.2/include -I /usr/local/openssl-3.0.5/include" 
make -j2
make install
cd ..

 # LDFLAGS参数设置sqlite、openssl的库位置，CPPFLAGS参数设置sqlite、openssl的头文件位置
#../Python-3.9.14/configure --prefix=/usr/local/python39 --enable-optimizations LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/sqlite-3.38.2/lib -L/usr/local/openssl-3.0.5/lib64" CPPFLAGS="-I /usr/local/sqlite-3.38.2/include -I /usr/local/openssl-3.0.5/include"

四、设置虚拟环境

1.使用当前python文件建立目标虚拟环境

/usr/local/python39/bin/python3 -m venv /mypy/python39

2.激活目标虚拟环境

source /mypy/python39/bin/activate

 3.查看python版本

python3 -V
pip -V

4.查看sqlite3、openssl的版本

# 查看openssl版本
>>> import ssl
>>> print(ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION)
OpenSSL 1.1.1q  5 Jul 2022
# 查看sqlite版本
>>> import sqlite3
>>> sqlite3.sqlite_version
'3.38.2'

5.退出虚拟环境

deactivate

系统提示符将恢复到之前状态，再次运行python3或pip3程序，将是系统默认程序。

五、安装Python其他版本

1.安装python3.10版本

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.4/Python-3.10.7.tar.xz
tar -xvJf Python-3.10.7.tar.xz # J 一定要大写
# 建立编译目录
mkdir Python-3.10.7-build
cd Python-3.10.7-build
# 在编译目录里运行configure命令，成功后安装到/usr/local/python310目录
# LDFLAGS参数设置sqlite、openssl的库位置，CPPFLAGS参数设置sqlite、openssl的头文件位置
../Python-3.10.7/configure --prefix=/usr/local/python310 --enable-optimizations LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/sqlite-3.38.2/lib -L/usr/local/openssl-3.0.5/lib64" CPPFLAGS="-I /usr/local/sqlite-3.38.2/include -I /usr/local/openssl-3.0.5/include" 
make -j2
make install
cd ..
/usr/local/python310/bin/python3 -m venv /mypy/python310
source /mypy/python310/bin/activate
python3 -V
pip -V
deactivate

2.安装python3.8版本 

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.13/Python-3.8.14.tar.xz
tar -xvJf Python-3.8.14.tar.xz # J 一定要大写
# 建立编译目录
mkdir Python3.8.14-build
cd Python3.8.14-build
# 在编译目录里运行configure命令，成功后安装到/usr/local/python38目录
# LDFLAGS参数设置sqlite、openssl的库位置，CPPFLAGS参数设置sqlite、openssl的头文件位置
../Python-3.8.14/configure --prefix=/usr/local/python38 --enable-optimizations LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/sqlite-3.38.2/lib -L/usr/local/openssl/lib" CPPFLAGS="-I /usr/local/sqlite-3.38.2/include -I /usr/local/openssl/include" 
make -j2
make install
cd ..
/usr/local/python38/bin/python3 -m venv /mypy/python38
source /mypy/python38/bin/activate
python3 -V
pip -V
deactivate