java网络编程技术学习笔记（b站【狂神说Java】网络编程实战讲解）

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-09 15:52:02 发布

阿斯蒂芬幻觉

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-09 15:52:02 发布

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文章标签： java 网络开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45665700/article/details/120901114

版权

b站视频链接：【狂神说Java】网络编程实战讲解

文章目录

网络编程

网络编程

1.1、概述

javaweb B/S
网络编程 C/S

1.2、网络通信的要素

1.3、IP

1.4、端口

1.5、通信协议

1.6、TCP

客户端：
1.连接服务器Socket
2.发送消息

package network.programme;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.ir.debug.ClassHistogramElement;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class TCPClientDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Socket socket = null;
        OutputStream os = null;

        try {
        	//服务器的地址、端口号
            InetAddress serverIP = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");//本地IP
            int port = 9999;
            //创建一个socket连接
            socket = new Socket(serverIP,port);
            //发送消息io流
            os = socket.getOutputStream();
            os.write("MCFLY".getBytes());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if(os != null)
            {
                try {
                    os.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(socket!=null)
            {
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

服务器：
1.建立服务器的端口ServerSocket
2.等待用户连接
3.接收用户信息

package network.programme;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
        Socket socket = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;

        try {
        	//地址
            serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
            while( true ){
            	//等待客户连接
                socket = serverSocket.accept();
                //读取客户消息
                is = socket.getInputStream();
                //管道流
                baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int len;
                while( (len = is.read(buffer)) != -1 ){
                    baos.write(buffer,0,len);
                }
                System.out.println(baos.toString());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            if(baos != null)
            {
                try {
                    baos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(is != null)
            {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(socket != null)
            {
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(serverSocket != null)
            {
                try {
                    serverSocket.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

文件发送

将客户端的pic.JPG文件发送到服务端，保存为receive.JPG

客户端

package network.programme;

import jdk.internal.util.xml.impl.Input;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPClientDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //创建一个socket连接
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("192.168.180.1"),9000);
        //创建一个输出流
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        //读取文件
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("pic.JPG"));
        //写出文件
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while( (len=fis.read(buffer)) != -1 ){
            os.write(buffer,0,len);
        }

        //通知服务器发送完毕
        socket.shutdownOutput();

        //确定服务端接收完毕
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer2 = new byte[1024];
        int len2;
        while( ( len2 = inputStream.read(buffer2 ) ) != -1 ) {
            baos.write(buffer2,0,len2);
        }

        //关闭资源
        baos.close();
        inputStream.close();
        fis.close();
        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

服务端

package network.programme;

import com.sun.security.ntlm.Server;
import jdk.internal.util.xml.impl.Input;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServerDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        //创建服务
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);
        //监听客户端连接
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); //阻塞式监听
        //获取输入流
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        //文件输出
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("receive.JPG"));
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while( (len = is.read(buffer)) != -1 ) {
            fos.write(buffer,0,len);
        }

        //通知客户端接收完毕
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        os.write("我已接收，感觉良好".getBytes());

        //关闭资源
        os.close();
        fos.close();
        is.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();

    }
}

1.7、UDP

1.7.1、无连接收发信息

发送端

package network.programme.UDP;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

public class UDPClientDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //建立Socket
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket( 9000 );
        //建包
        String msg = "Hello,World!" ;
        InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
        int port = 9001;
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(),0,msg.getBytes().length,localhost,port);
        //发送包
        socket.send(packet);
    }
}

接收端

package network.programme.UDP;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class UDPServerDemo01  {
    public static void main(String[]args) throws Exception{
        //开放端口
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9001);
        //接收数据包
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,0,buffer.length);
        socket.receive(packet);//阻塞接收
        System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
        //关闭连接
        socket.close();
    }
}

1.7.2、循环发送

发送方

package network.programme.chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.*;

public class UDPSenderDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9999);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

        while( true ){
            String data = reader.readLine();
            byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress("localhost",6666));
            socket.send(packet);
            if( data.equals("bye")){
                break;
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

接收方

package network.programme.chat;

import jdk.management.resource.internal.inst.DatagramDispatcherRMHooks;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class UDPReceiverDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket( 6666 );
         while( true ){
             byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
             DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,0,buffer.length);
             socket.receive(packet);
             byte[] data = packet.getData();
             String receiveData = new String(data,0,data.length);
             System.out.println(receiveData);
             if( receiveData.equals("bye")){
                 break;
             }
         }
    }
}

1.7.3、实时聊天

发送方线程

package network.programme.Chat02;

import jdk.internal.util.xml.impl.Input;

import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.Buffer;

public class ChatSend implements Runnable{
    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    BufferedReader reader = null;

    private int fromPort;
    private String toIP;
    private int toPort;

    public ChatSend(int fromPort,String toIP,int toPort) {
        this.toIP = toIP;
        this.fromPort = fromPort;
        this.toPort = toPort;

        try{
            socket = new DatagramSocket(fromPort);
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while( true ){
            try{
                String data = reader.readLine();
                byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress(this.toIP,this.toPort));

                socket.send(packet);
                if( data.equals("bye")){
                    break;
                }
            }catch(Exception e ){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

接收方线程

package network.programme.Chat02;

import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class ChatReceive implements Runnable{
    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    private int port;
    private String msgFrom;

    public ChatReceive(int port, String msgFrom ) {
        this.port = port;
        this.msgFrom = msgFrom;
        try{
            socket = new DatagramSocket(port);
        }catch( SocketException e ) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while( true ){
            try{
                byte[] container = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container,0,container.length);
                socket.receive(packet);
                byte[] data = packet.getData();
                String receiveData = new String(data,0,data.length);
                System.out.println(msgFrom + ":" + receiveData);
                if( receiveData.equals("bye") ){
                    break;
                }
            }catch( Exception e ){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

针对聊天各方，开启两个线程。

package network.programme.Chat02;

public class User01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new ChatSend(2000,"localhost",3000)).start();
        new Thread(new ChatReceive(4000,"B")).start();
    }
}

注意端口的对应关系
User01.java User02.java
运行结果

发中文会乱码，后续再做修改

阿斯蒂芬幻觉

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java网络编程技术学习笔记（b站【狂神说Java】网络编程实战讲解）

b站视频链接：【狂神说Java】网络编程实战讲解文章目录网络编程1.1、概述1.2、网络通信的要素1.3、IP1.4、端口1.5、通信协议1.6、TCP网络编程1.1、概述javaweb B/S网络编程 C/S1.2、网络通信的要素1.3、IP1.4、端口1.5、通信协议1.6、TCP客户端：1.连接服务器Socket2.发送消息package network.programme;import jdk.nashorn.internal.ir.debug.ClassHistog
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