web后端框架MyBatis

目录

前言

1. xml配置方式开发步骤

2. 注解方式开发步骤

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前言

        mybatis 是一个优秀的基于java的持久层框架，它内部封装了jdbc，使开发者只需要关注sql语句本身，而不需要花费精力去处理加载驱动、创建连接、创建statement等繁杂的过程。

        mybatis通过xml或注解的方式将要执行的各种 statement配置起来，并通过java对象和statement中sql的动态参数进行映射生成最终执行的sql语句。本篇博客将给大家介绍下MyBatis的两种开发方式以及使用流程。

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1. xml配置方式开发步骤

① 导入MyBatis的坐标和其他相关坐标

<!--mybatis坐标-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql驱动坐标-->
<dependency>    
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>   
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>    
    <version>5.1.6</version>    
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试坐标-->
<dependency>    
    <groupId>junit</groupId>    
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>    
    <version>4.12</version>    
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--日志坐标-->
<dependency>    
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>    
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>    
    <version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>

② 创建user数据表

③ 编写User实体类

public class User {    
	private int id;    
	private String username;    
	private String password;
    //省略get、set和toString方法
}

④ 编写映射文件UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper        
	PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"        
	"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="userMapper">    
	<select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">        
		select * from User    
	</select>
</mapper>

⑤ 编写核心文件SqlMapConfig.xml

<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN“ "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>    
	<environments default="development">        
		<environment id="development">            
			<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>            
			<dataSource type="POOLED">                
				<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
				<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"/>                
				<property name="username" value="root"/>
				<property name="password" value="root"/>            
			</dataSource>        
		</environment>    
	</environments>    
	
	<mappers> 
		<mapper resource="com/itheima/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/> 
	</mappers>
</configuration>

⑥ 编写测试类

//加载核心配置文件
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//获得sqlSession工厂对象
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
//获得sqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//执行sql语句
List<User> userList = sqlSession.selectList("userMapper.findAll");
//打印结果
System.out.println(userList);
//释放资源
sqlSession.close();

2. 注解方式开发步骤

        这几年来注解开发越来越流行，Mybatis也可以使用注解开发方式，这样我们就可以减少编写Mapper映射文件了。

① 导入MyBatis的坐标和其他相关坐标

<!--mybatis坐标-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql驱动坐标-->
<dependency>    
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>   
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>    
    <version>5.1.6</version>    
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试坐标-->
<dependency>    
    <groupId>junit</groupId>    
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>    
    <version>4.12</version>    
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--日志坐标-->
<dependency>    
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>    
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>    
    <version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>

② 创建user数据表

③ 编写User实体类

public class User {    
	private int id;    
	private String username;    
	private String password;
    //省略get、set和toString方法
}

④ 编写UserMapper接口

public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user")
    List<User> findAll();
}

⑤ 编写核心文件SqlMapConfig.xml

<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN“ "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>    
	<environments default="development">        
		<environment id="development">            
			<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>            
			<dataSource type="POOLED">                
				<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
				<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"/>                
				<property name="username" value="root"/>
				<property name="password" value="root"/>            
			</dataSource>        
		</environment>    
	</environments>    
	
	<!--加载映射关系-->
    <mappers>
        <package name="org.example.mapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

⑥ 编写测试类

//加载核心配置文件
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//获得sqlSession工厂对象
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
//获得sqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAll();
for (User user : all) {
    System.out.println(user);
}