Linux网络聊天室

Linux网络聊天室

1 基本原理

当某个客户端需要发送消息是，它将此消息发送给服务器，服务器再将此消息转发给其他客户端，各客户端之间是无连接的，即相互之间不能直接通信。

2 实现方式

一、服务器的多线程实现：

（1）主线程：

建立socket；

bind本机地址信息和socket；

listen客户端；

循环accept客户端，每当成功连接一个客户端后，创建一个与该客户端交互的子线程，并与之剥离。

（2）与客户端交互的子线程：

循环设计：

接收客户端的数据recv()

将该客户端的数据发送给除了该客户端以外的其他在线的客户端。（在线的判断依据：accept成功返回一个新的套接字。通过这个套接字来区分不同的客户端。）send()

注意点：需要建立一个数组，用于保存accept成功的客户端的新的socket，并且客户端退出后，要将相应的数组元素清空，以留给新连接成功的客户端。

二、客户端的多线程实现：

（1）主线程：

建立socket；

connect 服务器；

创建一个专门发送数据给服务器的子线程；

创建一个专门接收来自服务器的数据的子线程；

等待两个子线程的结束

服务器端源代码：

#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <pthread.h> #define     MAX_CLT     5 int clt_sfd[MAX_CLT] = {0}; char clt_name[MAX_CLT][100] = {0}; void *broadcast_clt(void *arg) { long index = (long)arg; int sfd = clt_sfd[index];     int ret = -1;     int i = 0; char buf[100] = {0};     char welcome[100] = {0};     char msg[100] = {0}; while(1) { ret = recv(sfd, buf, 100, 0);         if((ret < 0) || (0 == ret))         {             clt_sfd[index] = 0;             break;         }                  if(0 == strncmp(buf, "quit", 4))         {             send(sfd, "quit", 5, 0);             clt_sfd[index] = 0;             break;         }         if(0 == strncmp(buf, "NAME", 4))         {             strcpy(clt_name[index], buf + 4);             bzero(welcome, 100);             sprintf(welcome, "Welcome %s!", clt_name[index]);             for(i = 0; i < MAX_CLT; i++)             {                 if(clt_sfd[i] != 0)                 {                     send(clt_sfd[i], welcome, 100, 0);                 }             }         }         else         {             sprintf(msg, "%s: %s", clt_name[index], buf);             for(i = 0; i < MAX_CLT; i++)             {                 if((clt_sfd[i] != 0) && (clt_sfd[i] != sfd))                 {                     send(clt_sfd[i], msg, 100, 0);                 }             }         }         usleep(1000); }      close(sfd); pthread_exit(NULL); } int main(void) {     pthread_t broadcast_thread[MAX_CLT]; long i = 0; int ret = -1;     //int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);     int sfd = -1;     int new_sfd = -1;     sfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);          //int bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *my_addr, int addrlen);     struct sockaddr_in srv_addr;     bzero(&srv_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));     srv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;     srv_addr.sin_port = 6666;     srv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = 0;  //服务器IP为0,表示本机IP，通用     ret = bind(sfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&srv_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr));     //int listen(int sockfd, int backlog);     ret = listen(sfd, 10);     while(1)     {         //int accept(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *addr, int *addrlen);         int clt_addrlen = 0;         struct sockaddr_in clt_addr;         bzero(&clt_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));         new_sfd = accept(sfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&clt_addr), &clt_addrlen);         if(-1 == new_sfd)         {             continue;         }         for(i = 0; i < MAX_CLT; i++)         {             if(0 == clt_sfd[i])             {     clt_sfd[i] = new_sfd;         pthread_create(&broadcast_thread[i], NULL, broadcast_clt, (void *)i);         pthread_detach(broadcast_thread[i]);                 break;             }         }     }     close(sfd);     for(i = 0; i < MAX_CLT; i++)     {         if(clt_sfd[i] > 0)         {             close(new_sfd);         }     }     return 0; }

客户端源代码:

#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <string.h> #include <semaphore.h> char send_buf[100] = {0}; char recv_buf[100] = {0}; void *send_srv(void *arg) {     while(1)     {         bzero(send_buf, sizeof(send_buf));     read(0, send_buf, 100);         send_buf[strlen(send_buf) - 1] = '\0';     long tmp = (long)arg;     int cfd = (int)tmp;     send(cfd, send_buf, 100, 0);         if(0 == strncmp(send_buf, "quit", 4))         {             break;         }     } pthread_exit(NULL); } void *recv_srv(void *arg) {     int ret = -1;     while(1)     {         long tmp = (long)arg;     int cfd = (int)tmp;         bzero(recv_buf, sizeof(recv_buf));     ret = recv(cfd, recv_buf, 100, 0);         if((ret < 0) || (0 == ret))         {             break;         }         if(0 == strncmp(recv_buf, "quit", 4))         {             break;         }     puts(recv_buf);     } pthread_exit(NULL); } int main(int argc, void **argv) {     int ret = -1;     int cfd = -1; pthread_t recv_thread; pthread_t send_thread;     cfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);     struct sockaddr_in srv_addr;     bzero(&srv_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));     srv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;     srv_addr.sin_port = 6666;     srv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);          ret = connect(cfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&srv_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr));     puts("Please input your name:");     char name[100] = {0};     char buf[100] = {0}; read(0, buf, 100);     buf[strlen(buf) - 1] = '\0';     sprintf(name, "NAME%s", buf); send(cfd, name, 100, 0);     usleep(10000);     long send_cfd = (long)cfd;     long recv_cfd = (long)cfd;     pthread_create(&send_thread, NULL, send_srv, (void *)send_cfd); pthread_create(&recv_thread, NULL, recv_srv, (void *)recv_cfd);     pthread_join(send_thread, NULL); pthread_join(recv_thread, NULL);     close(cfd);     return 0; }