（仿牛客社区项目）Java开发笔记3.8：统一异常处理

统一异常处理

1.controller层

在controller层中添加advice包，添加ExceptionAdvice类 HomeController中添加getErrorPage方法。

package com.gerrard.community.controller.advice;

import com.gerrard.community.util.CommunityUtil;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

@ControllerAdvice(annotations = Controller.class)
public class ExceptionAdvice {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExceptionAdvice.class);

    @ExceptionHandler({Exception.class})
    public void handleException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        logger.error("服务器发生异常: " + e.getMessage());
        for (StackTraceElement element : e.getStackTrace()) {
            logger.error(element.toString());
        }

        String xRequestedWith = request.getHeader("x-requested-with");
        //异步请求
        if ("XMLHttpRequest".equals(xRequestedWith)) {
            response.setContentType("application/plain;charset=utf-8");
            PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
            writer.write(CommunityUtil.getJSONString(1, "服务器异常!"));
        } else {
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/error");
        }
    }

}

package com.gerrard.community.controller;

import com.gerrard.community.entity.DiscussPost;
import com.gerrard.community.entity.Page;
import com.gerrard.community.entity.User;
import com.gerrard.community.service.DiscussPostService;
import com.gerrard.community.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Controller
public class HomeController {

    @Autowired
    private DiscussPostService discussPostService;

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(path = "/index", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getIndexPage(Model model, Page page) {
        // 方法调用钱,SpringMVC会自动实例化Model和Page,并将Page注入Model.
        // 所以,在thymeleaf中可以直接访问Page对象中的数据.
        page.setRows(discussPostService.findDiscussPostRows(0));
        page.setPath("/index");

        List<DiscussPost> list = discussPostService.findDiscussPosts(0, page.getOffset(), page.getLimit());
        List<Map<String, Object>> discussPosts = new ArrayList<>();
        if (list != null) {
            for (DiscussPost post : list) {
                Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
                map.put("post", post);
                User user = userService.findUserById(post.getUserId());
                map.put("user", user);
                discussPosts.add(map);
            }
        }
        model.addAttribute("discussPosts", discussPosts);
        return "/index";
    }

    @RequestMapping(path = "/error", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getErrorPage() {
        return "/error/500";
    }

}

捕获到异常后，如果是异步请求，则返回code：1，msg：服务器异常！JSON字符串，否则重定向到/error/500页面。

2.功能测试

在HomeController类中的getIndexPage方法中加入错误代码，制造异常。

访问/index，转到错误页面：

在MessageController类中的sendLetter方法中加入错误代码，制造异常。

发送私信，系统提示服务器异常：