一、Apache Dubbo概述
Apache Dubbo是一款高性能的Java RPC框架。其前身是阿里巴巴公司开源的一个高性能、轻量级的开源Java RPC框架,可以和Spring框架无缝集成。
二、服务注册中心Zookeeper
Zookeeper 是 Apache Hadoop 的子项目,是一个树型的目录服务,支持变更推送,适合作为 Dubbo 服务的注册中心,工业强度较高,可用于生产环境,并推荐使用
三、Dubbo快速入门
1、安装Zookeeper
下载地址:http://archive.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/
本教程使用的版本为3.6.4版本 云盘地址:点我下载 提取码:ob75
1.1:安装jdk
安装 jdk(略)
1.2:上传并且解压
把 zookeeper 的压缩包(zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz)上传到 linux 系统,
并且解压压缩包 tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
1.3:创建data文件
进入zookeeper-3.4.6目录
创建data目录 mkdir data
1.4:修改文件名
进入conf目录 ,把zoo_sample.cfg 改名为zoo.cfg
cd conf
mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
1.5:修改文件属性
打开zoo.cfg文件, 修改data属性:dataDir=/root/zookeeper-3.4.6/data
vim zoo.cfg
1.6:启动、停止zookeeper
进入Zookeeper的bin目录,启动服务命令
./zkServer.sh start
停止服务命令
./zkServer.sh stop
查看服务状态:
./zkServer.sh status
此步需要启动zookeeper: ./zkServer.sh start
2、服务方提供开发
使用idea(因为IDEA好使啊!!!)
1.1、创建maven工程(pom.xml文件导入)
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.12.1.GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 指定端口 -->
<port>8081</port>
<!-- 请求路径 -->
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
1.2、配置web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
1.3、创建服务接口
package com.xiao.service;
public interface HelloService {
public String sayHello(String name);
}
1.4、创建服务实现类
package com.xiao.service.impl;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.itheima.service.HelloService;
@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
public String sayHello(String name) {
return "hello " + name;
}
}
注意:服务实现类上使用的Service注解是Dubbo提供的,用于对外发布服务
1.5、在resource下创建applicationContext.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 当前应用名称,用于注册中心计算应用间依赖关系,注意:消费者和提供者应用名不要一样 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbodemo_provider" />
<!-- 连接服务注册中心zookeeper ip为zookeeper所在服务器的ip地址-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.1.1:2181"/>
<!-- 注册 协议和port 端口默认是20880 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20881"></dubbo:protocol>
<!-- 扫描指定包,加入@Service注解的类会被发布为服务 -->
<dubbo:annotation package="com.xiao.service.impl" />
</beans>
1.6、启动服务
因为我们集成了tomcat,并且设置了端口为8081,在右侧的maven工具栏中,双击 tomcat7:run
3、服务消费方开发
开发步骤
1.1、创建maven工程(pom.xml文件导入)
创建maven工程(打包方式为war)dubbodemo_consumer
<properties>
<!--项目的编码-->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<!--编译版本1.8-->
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<!--锁定spring框架版本5.0.5-->
<spring.version>5.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId><!-- zookeeper -->
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.12.1.GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 指定端口 -->
<port>8082</port>
<!-- 请求路径 -->
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
1.2、配置web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 指定加载的配置文件 ,通过参数contextConfigLocation加载 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
1.3、创建服务接口
package com.xiao.service;
public interface HelloService {
public String sayHello(String name);
}
1.4、编写Controller
ckage com.xiao.controller;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import com.xiao.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class HelloController {
@Reference
private HelloService helloService;
@RequestMapping("/hello")
@ResponseBody
public String getName(String name){
//远程调用
String result = helloService.sayHello(name);
System.out.println(result);
return result;
}
}
1.5、在resource下创建applicationContext.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 当前应用名称,用于注册中心计算应用间依赖关系,注意:消费者和提供者应用名不要一样 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbodemo-consumer" />
<!-- 连接服务注册中心zookeeper ip为zookeeper所在服务器的ip地址-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.1.1:2181"/>
<!-- 扫描的方式暴露接口 -->
<dubbo:annotation package="com.itheima.controller" />
</beans>
1.6、运行测试
因为我们集成了tomcat,并且设置了端口为8082,在右侧的maven工具栏中,双击 tomcat7:run
编写完成!
在浏览器输入http://localhost:8082/demo/hello.do?name=Jack,查看浏览器输出结果
提示:该笔记是主要学到了某马的dubbo教程,然后想记录下笔记。