一、用JavaScript操作按钮:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>JavaScript操作form表单组件</title>
</head>
<body>
<span>····································</span>
<br />
<!--用JavaScript操作按钮-->
<form action="https://www.baidu.com/s" id = "login" >
<input type="text" name="wd"/>
<input type="password" name="wd" />
<input type="button" value="提交" onclick="login()" />
</form>
<script>
function login(){
//通过document.getElementById("login")获取到id为login的HTML元素
var element = document.getElementById("login");
//将调用该方法的按钮变为提交功能
element.submit();
//将调用该方法的按钮变为重置功能
//element.reset();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
二、用JavaScript操作文本框、密码框、文本域、隐藏框:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>JavaScript操作form表单组件</title>
</head>
<body>
<span>····································</span>
<!--用JavaScript操作文本框、密码框、文本域、隐藏框-->
<br />
<!--文本框-->
<input type="text" id="test" />
<input type="button" value="测试" onclick="test()" />
<!--密码框-->
<input type="password" id="password" />
<input type="button" value="测试" onclick="password()" />
<!--文本域-->
<textarea id="textarea"></textarea>
<input type="button" value="测试" onclick="textarea()" />
<!--隐藏框:没有readonly属性和focus方法-->
<input type="hidden" id="hidden" />
<input type="button" value="测试" onclick="hidden()" />
<script>
document.getElementById("test").focus();//使其获取焦点
function test(){
var element = document.getElementById("test");
console.log(element.value);//获取value值
element.value="Tom";//value值
console.log(element.value);
element.readOnly=true;//设置只读
element.disabled=true;//设置禁用
}
document.getElementById("password").focus();//使其获取焦点
function password(){
var element = document.getElementById("password");
console.log(element.value);//获取value值
element.value="121556";//value值
element.readOnly=true;//设置只读
element.disabled=true;//设置禁用
}
document.getElementById("textarea").focus();//使其获取焦点
function textarea(){
var element = document.getElementById("textarea");
console.log(element.value);//获取value值
element.value="Tom";//value值
element.readOnly=true;//设置只读
element.disabled=true;//设置禁用
}
//没有focus方法 document.getElementById("hidden").focus();
function hidden(){
var element = document.getElementById("hidden");
console.log(element.value);//获取value值
element.value="Tom";//value值
//没有readonly属性 element.readOnly=true;
element.disabled=true;//设置禁用
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
三、用JavaScript操作单选:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>JavaScript操作form表单组件</title>
</head>
<body>
<br />
<span>····································</span>
<!--用JavaScript操作单选-->
<br />
<span>单选</span>
<input type="radio" name="sex" value="0" />男
<input type="radio" name="sex" value="1" />女
<input type="button" value="测试" onclick="t3()" />
<script>
function t3(){
//通过document.getElementsByName("sex")获取的是一个数组
var elements = document.getElementsByName("sex");
//JavaScript里的循环返回的是某个元素的下标而不是元素本身(这点和Java不同)
for(var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++){
var element = elements[i];
//通过element.checked可以看出哪个选项被选中
console.log(element.checked+","+element.value);
}
}
document.getElementsByName("sex")[0].disabled=true;//设置禁用
document.getElementsByName("sex")[1].checked=true;//设置默认选项
</script>
</body>
</html>
四、用JavaScript操作多选:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>JavaScript操作form表单组件</title>
</head>
<body>
<br />
<span>····································</span>
<!--用JavaScript操作多选-->
<br />
<span>多选</span>
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="0" />篮球
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="1" />足球
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="2" />橄榄球
<input type="button" value="测试" onclick="t4()" />
<script>
function t4(){
var elements = document.getElementsByName("hobby");
for(var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++){
var element = elements[i];
//获取选项的选中状态和相应的value值
console.log(element.checked+","+element.value);
}
}
document.getElementsByName("hobby")[0].disabled=true;//设置禁用
document.getElementsByName("hobby")[1].checked=true;//设置默认选项
</script>
</body>
</html>
五、用JavaScript操作下拉列表:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>JavaScript操作form表单组件</title>
</head>
<body>
<br />
<span>····································</span>
<!--用JavaScript操作下拉列表-->
<br />
<span>下拉列表</span>
<br />
<select id="province">
<option value="">请选择</option>
<option value="001">北京市</option>
<option value="002">湖北省</option>
<option value="003">河南省</option>
</select>
<input type="button" value="测试" onclick="t5()" />
<script>
function t5(){
//通过document.getElementById("province")获取到select里的所有选项
var element = document.getElementById("province");
var options = element.options;
console.log(options);
for(var i = 0; i < options.length; i++){
var option = options[i];
//获取选项的选中状态和相应的value值
console.log(option.selected+","+option.value);
}
}
document.getElementById("province")[1].selected=true;//设置默认选项
document.getElementById("province")[2].disabled=true;//对某个选项设置禁用
document.getElementById("province").disabled=true;//对整个select设置禁用
</script>
</body>
</html>