BUUCTF Reverse reverse3 WriteUp

reverse3-WP

首先扔到IDA里面，解析出主函数如下

int __cdecl main_0(int argc, const char **argv, const char **envp)
{
  int v3; // ebx
  int v4; // edi
  int v5; // esi
  int v6; // eax
  const char *v7; // eax
  size_t v8; // eax
  char v10; // [esp+0h] [ebp-188h]
  char v11; // [esp+0h] [ebp-188h]
  signed int j; // [esp+DCh] [ebp-ACh]
  int i; // [esp+E8h] [ebp-A0h]
  signed int v14; // [esp+E8h] [ebp-A0h]
  char Destination[108]; // [esp+F4h] [ebp-94h] BYREF
  char Str[28]; // [esp+160h] [ebp-28h] BYREF
  char v17[8]; // [esp+17Ch] [ebp-Ch] BYREF

//初始化为0
  for ( i = 0; i < 100; ++i )
  {
    if ( (unsigned int)i >= 0x64 )
      j____report_rangecheckfailure(v3, v4, v5);
    Destination[i] = 0;
  }

  sub_41132F("please enter the flag:", v10);
  sub_411375("%20s", (char)Str);
  v6 = j_strlen(Str);
  v7 = (const char *)sub_4110BE((int)Str, v6, (int)v17);//关键点

  strncpy(Destination, v7, 0x28u);
  v14 = j_strlen(Destination);
  
  for ( j = 0; j < v14; ++j )
    Destination[j] += j;//每个成员向后移动j位
  v8 = j_strlen(Destination);
  if ( !strncmp(Destination, Str2, v8) )//与str2进行比较
    sub_41132F("rigth flag!\n", v11);
  else
    sub_41132F("wrong flag!\n", v11);
  return 0;
}

通过观察发现sub_4110BE是关键函数，转到函数查看

void *__cdecl sub_411AB0(char *a1, unsigned int a2, int *a3)
{
  int v4; // [esp+D4h] [ebp-38h]
  int v5; // [esp+D4h] [ebp-38h]
  int v6; // [esp+D4h] [ebp-38h]
  int v7; // [esp+D4h] [ebp-38h]
  int i; // [esp+E0h] [ebp-2Ch]
  unsigned int v9; // [esp+ECh] [ebp-20h]
  int v10; // [esp+ECh] [ebp-20h]
  int v11; // [esp+ECh] [ebp-20h]
  void *v12; // [esp+F8h] [ebp-14h]
  char *v13; // [esp+104h] [ebp-8h]

  if ( !a1 || !a2 )
    return 0;
  v9 = a2 / 3;
  if ( (int)(a2 / 3) % 3 )
    ++v9;
  v10 = 4 * v9;
  *a3 = v10;
  v12 = malloc(v10 + 1);
  if ( !v12 )
    return 0;
  j_memset(v12, 0, v10 + 1);
  v13 = a1;
  v11 = a2;
  v4 = 0;
  while ( v11 > 0 )
  {
    byte_41A144[2] = 0;
    byte_41A144[1] = 0;
    byte_41A144[0] = 0;
    for ( i = 0; i < 3 && v11 >= 1; ++i )
    {
      byte_41A144[i] = *v13;
      --v11;
      ++v13;
    }
    if ( !i )
      break;
    switch ( i )
    {
      case 1:
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + v4) = aAbcdefghijklmn[(int)(unsigned __int8)byte_41A144[0] >> 2];
        v5 = v4 + 1;
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + v5) = aAbcdefghijklmn[((byte_41A144[1] & 0xF0) >> 4) | (16 * (byte_41A144[0] & 3))];
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + ++v5) = aAbcdefghijklmn[64];
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + ++v5) = aAbcdefghijklmn[64];
        v4 = v5 + 1;
        break;
      case 2:
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + v4) = aAbcdefghijklmn[(int)(unsigned __int8)byte_41A144[0] >> 2];
        v6 = v4 + 1;
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + v6) = aAbcdefghijklmn[((byte_41A144[1] & 0xF0) >> 4) | (16 * (byte_41A144[0] & 3))];
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + ++v6) = aAbcdefghijklmn[((byte_41A144[2] & 0xC0) >> 6) | (4 * (byte_41A144[1] & 0xF))];
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + ++v6) = aAbcdefghijklmn[64];
        v4 = v6 + 1;
        break;
      case 3:
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + v4) = aAbcdefghijklmn[(int)(unsigned __int8)byte_41A144[0] >> 2];
        v7 = v4 + 1;
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + v7) = aAbcdefghijklmn[((byte_41A144[1] & 0xF0) >> 4) | (16 * (byte_41A144[0] & 3))];
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + ++v7) = aAbcdefghijklmn[((byte_41A144[2] & 0xC0) >> 6) | (4 * (byte_41A144[1] & 0xF))];
        *((_BYTE *)v12 + ++v7) = aAbcdefghijklmn[byte_41A144[2] & 0x3F];
        v4 = v7 + 1;
        break;
    }

通过观察发现，此处非常像base64加密，查看aAbcdefghijklmn处发现，

确定是base64加密，再查看str2的值发现是e3nifIH9b_C@n@dH

写出解密脚本

import base64
s = "e3nifIH9b_C@n@dH"
x = ""
for i in range(0, len(s)):
    x += chr(ord(s[i])-i)

print(base64.b64decode(x))

其中ord函数是将一个字符的ASCII值返回，chr函数是将0~255内的整数转换为对应的ASCII字符，这俩是配对函数。

得出最终flagflag{i_l0ve_you}

注：base64加密原理

base64是以每3个字节为一组，共24位，再以6位为一个单位组成新的数据。对于不足3字节的处理：1.不足三字节后面填充0；2.对于编码前的数据产生的6位，如果为0，则索引到的字符为‘A’；因不足3字节而填充的0，用’=’来替代。

如何分辨出base64加密：

1.base64加密过后的密文后面可能会存在=

2.通过查看字母表来确定

3.代码中含有0xF、0x3F、0x3等符号