数据结构——串

串
1.定长的串

#define MAXSIZE = 10
struct String
{
char str=[MAXSIZE];//储存串字符的数组
int len;//串字符的长度
};
2.变长的串
struct String
{
char* pstr;//开辟内存
int totalsize;//串当前最大长度
int cursize;//串当前有效长度
};

创建文件“main.cpp”
#include<stdio.h>
#include"String.h"

int main()
{
	String str;
	initString(&str);
	strAssign(&str,"hello");
	strPrint(&str);

	String str2;
	initString(&str2);
	strAssign(&str2,"hi ");

	String str3;
	initString(&str3);
	strAssign(&str3,"world");

	strSub(&str,&str2,&str3);
	strPrint(&str);
}

创建文件“string.h”
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>


typedef struct String
{
	char* pstr;
	int total;//总大小
	int cur;//有效元素大小
}String,*PString;

void initString(PString ps);
void strAssign(PString ps,char* p);
void strSub(PString ps,PString p1,PString p2);
void strPrint(PString ps);
void destroyed(PString ps);



创建文件“string,cpp”
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string,h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include"String.h"

void initString(PString ps)
{
	if(ps != NULL)
	{
		ps->pstr = NULL;
		ps->total = ps->cur = 0;
	}
}

void strAssign(PString ps,char* p)
{
	int i = 0;
	int len = strlen(p);//字符串有效长度
	if(ps->pstr != NULL)//ptr ! NULL 串非空   释放旧空间
	{
		free(ps->pstr);
	}
	if(len == 0)
	{
		ps->pstr = NULL;
		ps->total = ps->cur = 0;
	}
	else//字符串非空
	{
		ps->pstr = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*len);
		for(i = 0;i < len;i++)
		{
			ps->pstr[i] = p[i];
		}
		ps->total = len;
		ps->cur = len;
	}
}

void strSub(PString ps,PString p1,PString p2)
{
	int len1 = p1->cur;
	int len2 = p2->cur;

	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;

	if(ps->pstr != NULL)
	{
		free(ps->pstr);
	}
	if(!len1  &&  !len2)
	{
		ps->pstr = NULL;
		ps->total = ps->cur = 0;
	}
	else
	{
		ps->pstr = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*(len1 + len2));
		for(j = 0;j < len1; j++)
		{
			ps->pstr[i++] = p1->pstr[j];
		}
		for(j = 0;j <len2;j++)
		{
			ps->pstr[i++] = p2->pstr[j];
		}
		ps->total = (len1 + len2);
		ps->cur = (len1 + len2);
	}
}

void destroyed(PString ps)
{
	if(ps != NULL)
	{
		free(ps->pstr);
	}
	ps->total = ps->cur = 0;
}

void strPrint(PString ps)
{
	int i = 0;
	for(i;i < ps->cur;i++)
	{
		printf("%c",ps->pstr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
}