分析rgb和yuv文件三个通道的概率分布并计算各自的熵

一、实验任务

分析rgb和yuv文件的三个通道的概率分布，并计算各自的熵（编程实现）。
注释：

1. down.rgb和down.yuv两个文件的分辨率均为256*256。
2. yuv为4:2:0采样空间。

二. 实验代码：

计算RGB

#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;



int main()
{
    unsigned char R[256*256] = { 0 }, G[256*256] = { 0 }, B[256*256] = { 0 },img[256*256*3] = { 0 };//定义R、G、B、img量
    double Rp[256] = { 0 }, Gp[256] = { 0 }, Bp[256] = { 0 };   //定义R、G、B概率分量
    double R2 = 0, G2 = 0, B2 = 0;    //定义R、G、B的熵

	FILE* fp = fopen("C:\\Users\\陈玥\\Desktop\\zuoye1\\down.rgb", "rb");
	fread(img, sizeof(unsigned char), 256*256*3, fp);
	fclose(fp);
  

    
    
  
        for (int i = 0;i < 256*256; i++)
	{
		R[i] = img[3*i];
		G[i] = img[3*i+1];
		B[i] = img[3*i+2];
	}

        //分别统计R、G、B三通道的颜色强度级的频数
        for (int i = 0; i < 256*256; i++)
        {
            Rp[R[i]]++;
            Gp[G[i]]++;
            Bp[B[i]]++;
        }



        //分别计算R、G、B三通道的256个颜色强度级的概率
        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
        {
            Rp[i] = Rp[i] / (256*256);
            Gp[i] = Gp[i] / (256*256);
            Bp[i] = Bp[i] / (256*256);
        }
		
		//建立概率文件
		FILE* dr = fopen("C:\\Users\\陈玥\\Desktop\\zuoye1\\R.txt","w");//建立存放Y数据
		FILE* dg = fopen("C:\\Users\\陈玥\\Desktop\\zuoye1\\G.txt","w");//建立存放U数据
		FILE* db = fopen("C:\\Users\\陈玥\\Desktop\\zuoye1\\B.txt","w");//建立存放V数据

        //将概率写入文件
        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
        {
            fprintf(dr, "%d\t%f\n", i, Rp[i]);
            fprintf(dg, "%d\t%f\n", i, Gp[i]);
            fprintf(db, "%d\t%f\n", i, Bp[i]);
        }

        //计算并输出熵
        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
        {
            if (Rp[i] != 0) { R2 += -Rp[i] * log(Rp[i]) / log(2.0); }
            if (Gp[i] != 0) { G2 += -Gp[i] * log(Gp[i]) / log(2.0); }
            if (Bp[i] != 0) { B2 += -Bp[i] * log(Bp[i]) / log(2.0); }
        }
        fprintf(dr,"Y的熵 = %f",R2);//输出B的熵
		fprintf(dg,"U的熵 = %f",G2);//输出G的熵
		fprintf(db,"V的熵 = %f",B2);//输出R的熵

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

生成的rgb文件：
R:

G：

B：

计算YUV
程序实现：

#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;



int main()
{
    unsigned char Y[256*256] = { 0 }, U[256*256/4] = { 0 }, V[256*256/4] = { 0 },img[256*256*3] = { 0 };//定义Y、U、V、img量
    double Yp[256] = { 0 }, Up[256] = { 0 }, Vp[256] = { 0 };   //定义Y、U、V概率分量
    double Y2 = 0, U2 = 0, V2 = 0;    //定义Y、U、V的熵

	FILE* fp = fopen("C:\\Users\\陈玥\\Desktop\\zuoye1\\down.yuv", "rb");
	fread(img, sizeof(unsigned char), 256*256*3, fp);
	fclose(fp);
  

    
    
  
        for (int i = 0; i < 256*256 ; i++)
        {
            Y[i] = img[i];
        }

       for (int i = 0;i < 256*256/4; i++)
		{
			U[i] = img[i+256*256];
			V[i] = img[i+256*256*5/4];
		}

        //分别统计Y、U、V三通道的颜色强度级的频数
        for (int i = 0; i < 256*256; i++)
        {
            Yp[Y[i]]++;
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < (256*256/4); i++)
        {
            Up[U[i]]++;
            Vp[V[i]]++;
        }

        //分别计算Y、U、V三通道的256个颜色强度级的概率
        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
        {
            Yp[i] = Yp[i] / (256*256);
            Up[i] = Up[i] / (256*256/4);
            Vp[i] = Vp[i] / (256*256/4);
        }
		
		//建立概率文件
		FILE* dy = fopen("C:\\Users\\陈玥\\Desktop\\zuoye1\\Y.txt","w");//建立存放Y数据
		FILE* du = fopen("C:\\Users\\陈玥\\Desktop\\zuoye1\\U.txt","w");//建立存放U数据
		FILE* dv = fopen("C:\\Users\\陈玥\\Desktop\\zuoye1\\V.txt","w");//建立存放V数据

        //将概率写入文件
        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
        {
            fprintf(dy, "%d\t%f\n", i, Yp[i]);
            fprintf(du, "%d\t%f\n", i, Up[i]);
            fprintf(dv, "%d\t%f\n", i, Vp[i]);
        }

        //计算并输出熵
        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
        {
            if (Yp[i] != 0) { Y2 += -Yp[i] * log(Yp[i]) / log(2.0); }
            if (Up[i] != 0) { U2 += -Up[i] * log(Up[i]) / log(2.0); }
            if (Vp[i] != 0) { V2 += -Vp[i] * log(Vp[i]) / log(2.0); }
        }
        fprintf(dy,"Y的熵 = %f",Y2);//输出B的熵
		fprintf(du,"U的熵 = %f",U2);//输出G的熵
		fprintf(dv,"V的熵 = %f",V2);//输出R的熵

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

生成的YUV文本文件:
Y:

U:

V:

**

三.实验结论

**
将文件导入到excel表格里可以观察到yuv分量的熵小于rgb分量的熵，去相关性更差。与理论结果符合。