1. 创建项目
sysinfo项目网址: https://github.com/hypersport/sysinfo
psutil的详细介绍: https://www.cnblogs.com/saneri/p/7528283.html
windows安装redis: https://www.redis.com.cn/redis-installation.html
redis桌面版下载地址: (https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ihWvjsCk6-Jw3OWhm5o33g
- sysinfo 使用 Python Flask 框架和 psutil 开发的一个中文版 Linux 服务器信息查看应用,可查看的信息包括系统、CPU、内存、硬盘、进程、网络、登录用户等,同时可查看并导出部分数据的图表。
1.1 创建项目
1.2 创建App
1.3 配置setting
1.4 生成迁移文件并设置管理员
python manage.py makemigrations ##生成迁移脚本
python manage.py migrate # 将迁移脚本的内容写入数据库并创建数据库表
python manage.py createsuperuser # 创建后台登录的超级用户
1.5 测试是否配置成功
1.6 git 提交
1.6.1 设置忽略文件
1.6.2 生成requirements.txt文件
1.6.3 创建README.md文件
1.6.4 git提交
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git init
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git add *
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git commit -m "add requirements.txt and README.md"
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git log
2. 搭建框架
2.1 搭建框架流程
#sysinfo/urls.py ##主urls
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('', include('host.urls')),
]
## host/urls.py app对应的urls,为了关联视图函数
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from .views import *
urlpatterns = [
path('', index, name='index'),
path('user/', user, name='user'),
path('cpu/', cpu, name='cpu'),
path('memory/', memory, name='memory'),
path('disk/', disk, name='disk'),
path('network/', network, name='network'),
path('process/', process, name='process'),
]
#host/views.py 视图函数
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
pass
return render(request, 'host/index.html', locals())
def user(request):
pass
return render(request, 'host/user.html', locals())
def cpu(request):
pass
return render(request, 'host/cpu.html', locals())
def memory(request):
pass
return render(request, 'host/memory.html', locals())
def disk(request):
pass
return render(request, 'host/disk.html', locals())
def network(request):
pass
return render(request, 'host/network.html', locals())
def process(request):
pass
return render(request, 'host/process.html', locals())
2.2 git提交
##gitee建立新的仓库sysinfo
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git add *
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git commit -m "搭建框架"
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git remote add origin https://gitee.com/dan-2021/sysinfo.git ##关联仓库
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git push ##获取提示
git push --set-upstream origin master
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git push --set-upstream origin master
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>git push --set-upstream origin master -f ##如果仓库没东西可以强制覆盖,生产环境不推荐
3. 主页信息的配置index
3.1 配置文件
基模板就相当于一个框架,别的模板导入之后,只需要修改基模板中可以修改的部分即可。psutil模块信息
<!-- 基模板 -->
<!-- templates/host/base.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html {% block html_attribs %}{% endblock html_attribs %}>
<head>
{% block head %} <!-- 这里面可以自定义head 和title -->
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>{% block title %} {% endblock title %}</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/bootstrap.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/my-style.css">
<script src="/static/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
{% endblock head %}
</head>
<body>
<div class="sysinfo">
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse" role="navigation">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="/">Sys Info</a>
</div>
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li><a href="/">系统</a></li>
<li><a href="/cpu/">CPU</a></li>
<li><a href="/memory/">内存</a></li>
<li><a href="/disk/">硬盘</a></li>
<li><a href="/network/">网络</a></li>
<li><a href="/process/">进程</a></li>
<li><a href="/user/">用户</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
{% block content %}{% endblock %} <--! 自定义内容 -->
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!-- index.html -->
{% extends 'host/base.html' %} <!-- 导入基模板 -->
{% block title %}Sys Info{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="page-header">
<h1>系统信息</h1>
</div>
<div>
<table class="table table-bordered">
<tr>
<td>主机名</td>
<td>{{ sys_name }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>内核名称</td>
<td>{{ kernel_name }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>发行版本号</td>
<td>{{ kernel_no }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>内核版本</td>
<td>{{ kernel_version }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>系统架构</td>
<td>{{ sys_framework }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>现在时间</td>
<td>{{ now_time }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>开机时间</td>
<td>{{ boot_time }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>运行时间</td>
<td>{{ up_time }}</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
{% endblock %}
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo> pip install psutil ##安装psutil模块
#host/views.py ##视图函数新增内容
from datetime import datetime
from django.shortcuts import render
import psutil ##导入psutil模块
import os, platform
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
"""
sys_name
kernel_name
kernel_no
kernel_version
sys_framework
now_time
boot_time
up_time
"""
try:
info = os.uname() ##linux系统是os.uname
except Exception as e:
info = platform.uname() ##windows系统是platform.uname
sys_name = info.node ##window和linux执行查询命令显示的参数
kernel_name = info.system
kernel_no = info.release
kernel_version = info.version
sys_framework = info.machine
boot_time = datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time())
now_time = datetime.now()
print(boot_time, now_time)
up_time = now_time - boot_time
return render(request, 'host/index.html', locals())
##sysinfo/settings新增内容 声明使用的是static文件夹内容。
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
BASE_DIR / "static",
]
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
##配置完成启动服务器
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>python manage.py runserver
3.2 启动服务器进行测试
3.3 使用基模板测试效果
##templates/disk.html
{% include 'host/base.html' %} ##导入基模板
{% block title %} ##相当于配置变量信息
磁盘信息
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h3>disk的内容</h3>
{% endblock %}
3.4 git 提交
4. 用户登录界面
4.1 user登陆界面的文件配置
##views下cpu的视图函数
##host/views.py
def user(request):
users = psutil.users()
return render(request, 'host/user.html', locals())
#/host/templatetags/timefilter.py
"""
自定义过滤器实现的方法:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/3.1/howto/custom-template-tags/
"""
from django import template
from datetime import datetime
register = template.Library()
@register.filter(name='timefmt') ##俩种方法,这里使用的是装饰器的方法。
def timefmt(value):
"""将时间戳转换成datetime类型的时间"""
return datetime.fromtimestamp(value)
### templates/host/user.html
{% extends 'host/base.html' %} <!-- 继承基本模板 -->
{% load timefilter %} <!--加载自定义过滤器 -->
{% block title %} 用户信息 {% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="page-header">
<h1>登录用户</h1>
</div>
<div>
<table class="table table-bordered">
<tr> <!-- tr行 , td 列 -->
<td>用户名</td>
<td>登录主机</td>
<td>终端</td>
<td>登录时间</td>
</tr>
{% for user in users %} <!-- 循环用户并获取信息 -->
<tr>
<td>{{ user.name }}</td>
<td>{{ user.terminal }}</td>
<td>{{ user.host }}</td>
<td>{{ user.started | timefmt }}</td> <!--使用过滤器,可以是内置过滤器,也可以是自定义过滤器 -->
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
</div>
{% endblock %}
4.2 测试效果
4.3 git提交
5. cpu信息的展示
5.1 展示cpu信息
##/host/templatetags/timefilter.py
"""
自定义过滤器实现的方法:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/3.1/howto/custom-template-tags/
"""
from django import template
from datetime import datetime
register = template.Library()
@register.filter(name='timefmt')
def timefmt(value):
"""将时间戳转换成datetime类型的时间"""
return datetime.fromtimestamp(value)
@register.filter(name='cpu_val_fmt') ##添加的自定义过滤器
def cpu_val_fmt(value):
return round(value/1000, 2)
### templates/host/cpu.html
<!-- cpu页面展示-->
{% extends 'host/base.html' %}
{% load timefilter %}
{% block title %} cpu信息 {% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="page-header">
<a {% if not chart %}id="display"{% endif %} href="/cpu/">CPU 信息</a>
<a {% if chart == 'line' %}id="display"{% endif %} href="/cpu/">CPU
折线图</a>
<a {% if chart == 'pie' %}id="display"{% endif %} href="/cpu/">CPU 饼图</a>
</div>
<div>
<div id="cpu_info">
<table class="table table-bordered">
<tr>
<td>物理 CPU 核心数</td>
<td>{{ physical_core_num }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>逻辑 CPU 核心数</td>
<td>{{ logical_core_num }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>最近 1 分钟平均负载</td>
<td>{{ load_avg.0 }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>最近 5 分钟平均负载</td>
<td>{{ load_avg.1 }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>最近 15 分钟平均负载</td>
<td>{{ load_avg.2 }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>用户</td>
<td>{{ cpu_time_percent.user }} %</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>系统</td>
<td>{{ cpu_time_percent.system }} %</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>空闲</td>
<td>{{ cpu_time_percent.idle }} %</td>
</tr>
{% if cpu_time_percent.nice %}
<tr>
<td>nice</td>
<td>{{ cpu_time_percent.nice }} %</td>
</tr>
{% endif %}
{% if cpu_time_percent.iowait %}
<tr>
<td>iowait</td>
<td>{{ cpu_time_percent.iowait }} %</td>
</tr>
{% endif %}
{% if else_percent %}
<tr>
<td>其他</td>
<td>{{ else_percent }} %</td>
</tr>
{% endif %}
{% if cpu_freq %}
<tr>
<td>正在运行频率</td>
<td>{{ cpu_freq.current | cpu_val_fmt }} GHz</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>最低运行频率</td>
<td>{{ cpu_freq.min | cpu_val_fmt }} GHz</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>最高运行频率</td>
<td>{{ cpu_freq.max | cpu_val_fmt }} GHz</td>
</tr>
{% endif %}
</table>
</div>
{% endblock %}
##views下cpu的视图函数 host/views.py
def cpu(request):
logical_core_num = psutil.cpu_count() #
physical_core_num = psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)
try:
load_avg = os.getloadavg()
except Exception as e:
load_avg = ['', '', '']
cpu_time_percent = psutil.cpu_times_percent()
else_percent = 0.0
for i in range(5):
else_percent += cpu_time_percent[i]
try:
cpu_freq = psutil.cpu_freq()
except AttributeError:
cpu_freq = None
return render(request, 'host/cpu.html', locals())
5.2 基于echarts绘制cpu扇形图
echarts绘制扇形图 echatrs官网: http://echarts.apache.org/zh/index.html
##host/urls
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from .views import *
urlpatterns = [
path('', index, name='index'),
path('user/', user, name='user'),
path('cpu/', cpu, name='cpu'),
path('cpu/<str:chart>/', cpu, name='cpu'), #指定名字
path('memory/', memory, name='memory'),
path('disk/', disk, name='disk'),
path('network/', network, name='network'),
]
##host/views
def cpu(request, chart=None):
logical_core_num = psutil.cpu_count() #
physical_core_num = psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)
try:
load_avg = os.getloadavg()
except Exception as e:
load_avg = ['', '', '']
cpu_time_percent = psutil.cpu_times_percent()
else_percent = 0.0
for i in range(3, 5):
else_percent += cpu_time_percent[i]
try:
cpu_freq = psutil.cpu_freq()
except AttributeError:
cpu_freq = None
if chart == 'line':
return render(request, 'host/cpu-line.html', locals())
elif chart == 'pie':
return render(request, 'host/cpu-pie.html', locals())
return render(request, 'host/cpu.html', locals())
##host/modules.py ##此处的modules是为了之后的折线图做准备的
from django.db import models
# 定时任务定期扫描并存储。
class UserCpuPercent(models.Model):
create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="扫描时间")
user_percent = models.FloatField(verbose_name="用户CPU占用百分比")
##配置了modules文件需要重新生成数据库迁移文件
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>python manage.py makemigrations
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>python manage.py migrate
<!-- templates/base.html-->
<script src="https://lib.baomitu.com/echarts/5.0.2/echarts.min.js"></script> <!-- 使用的是在线的js模板 -->
<!-- templates/cpu.html -->
{% include 'host/cpu-header.html' %}
<!-- templates/cpu-header.html -->
<div class="page-header">
<a {% if not chart %}id="display"{% endif %} href="/cpu/">CPU 信息</a>
<a {% if chart == 'line' %}id="display"{% endif %} href="/cpu/line/">CPU 折线图</a>
<a {% if chart == 'pie' %}id="display"{% endif %} href="/cpu/pie/">CPU 饼图</a>
</div>
<!-- templates/cpu-line.html 做一个简单测试 -->
{% extends 'host/base.html' %}
{% load timefilter %}
{% block title %} cpu信息 {% endblock %}
{% block content %}
{% include 'host/cpu-header.html' %}
<div>
<div id="main" style="width: 80%;height:400px;"></div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
// 基于准备好的dom,初始化echarts实例
var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
option = {
xAxis: {
type: 'category',
data: ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
},
yAxis: {
type: 'value'
},
series: [{
data: [820, 932, 901, 934, 1290, 1330, 1320],
type: 'line',
smooth: true
}]
};
// 使用刚指定的配置项和数据显示图表。
myChart.setOption(option);
</script>
{% endblock %}
<!-- templates/cpu-pie.html -->
{% extends 'host/base.html' %}
{% load timefilter %}
{% block title %} cpu信息 {% endblock %}
{% block content %}
{% include 'host/cpu-header.html' %}
<div>
<div id="main" style="width: 80%;height:400px;"></div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
// 基于准备好的dom,初始化echarts实例
var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
option = {
tooltip: {
trigger: 'item'
},
legend: {
top: '5%',
left: 'center'
},
series: [
{
name: 'CPU占用百分比分类',
type: 'pie',
radius: ['40%', '70%'],
avoidLabelOverlap: false,
itemStyle: {
borderRadius: 10,
borderColor: '#fff',
borderWidth: 2
},
label: {
show: false,
position: 'center'
},
emphasis: {
label: {
show: true,
fontSize: '40',
fontWeight: 'bold'
}
},
labelLine: {
show: false
},
data: [
{value: {{ cpu_time_percent.user }}, name: '用户'},
{value: {{ cpu_time_percent.system }}, name: '系统'},
{value: {{ cpu_time_percent.idle }}, name: '空闲'},
]
}
]
};
// 使用刚指定的配置项和数据显示图表。
myChart.setOption(option);
</script>
{% endblock %}
5.3 效果图
5.4 git提交
6. celery定时任务和异步任务
- Celery 是一个简单、灵活且可靠的,处理大量消息的分布式系统。大白话理解处理异步任务和定时任务
的工具。
工作原理如下图:
6.1 安装redis
redis桌面版下载地址
在 windows 上安装 Redis
到指定目录启动redis 如果出错执行reids-cli.exe,shutdown,exit,在执行启动命令。
6.3 配置定时任务
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>pip install celery
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>pip install django-celery-beat
#sysinfo/celery.py
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
import os
from celery import Celery
# 设置django环境
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'sysinfo.settings')
app = Celery('sysinfo')
# 使用CELERY_ 作为前缀,在settings中写配置
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')
# 发现任务文件每个app下的task.py
app.autodiscover_tasks()
#sysinfo/__init__.py
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
from .celery import app as celery_app
__all__ = ['celery_app'] #将app展示出来,不然访问不到定时任务
#sysinfo/settings.py 文件内容,celery configure,必须安装redis
CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0' # Broker配置,使用Redis作为消息中间件
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1' # BACKEND配置,这里使用redis
CELERY_RESULT_SERIALIZER = 'json' # 结果序列化方案
6.4 启动worker
>pip install eventlet
>pip install redis
>pip install django-celery-beat
>Celery -A sysinfo worker -l info -P eventlet #安装包之后执行这条命令,连接数据库成功。worker启动成功
6.5 编写定时任务
#host/tasks.py ##用于定时任务
import psutil
from celery import shared_task
from host.models import UserCpuPercent
@shared_task() ##装饰器共享任务
def scan_cpu_info():
percent = UserCpuPercent( user_percent=psutil.cpu_times_percent().user) ##获取用户占用cpu百分比
percent.save()
6.6 使用定时任务
6.6.1注册app
6.6.2 数据库变更
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>python manage.py makemigrations
(venv) D:\pycharm pro\sysinfo>python manage.py migrate
6.6.3 后端访问