583-两个字符串的删除操作
题目链接:LeetCode-583中等
思考
dp[i][j]:以i-1为结尾的字符串word1,和以j-1位结尾的字符串word2,
想要达到相等,所需要删除元素的最少次数。
当word1[i - 1] 与 word2[j - 1]相同/不相同两种情况
当word1[i - 1] 与 word2[j - 1]相同的时候,dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];
当word1[i - 1] 与 word2[j - 1]不相同的时候,有三种情况:
情况一:删word1[i - 1],最少操作次数为dp[i - 1][j] + 1
情况二:删word2[j - 1],最少操作次数为dp[i][j - 1] + 1
情况三:同时删word1[i - 1]和word2[j - 1],操作的最少次数为dp[i - 1][j - 1] + 2
递推公式:dp[i][j] = min({dp[i - 1][j - 1] + 2, dp[i - 1][j] + 1, dp[i][j - 1] + 1});
class Solution {
public:
int minDistance(string word1, string word2) {
vector<vector<int>> dp(word1.size()+1,vector<int>(word2.size()+1));
for(int i=0;i<=word1.size();i++) dp[i][0]=i;
for(int j=0;j<=word2.size();j++) dp[0][j]=j;
for(int i=1;i<=word1.size();i++){
for(int j=1;j<=word2.size();j++){
if(word1[i-1]==word2[j-1]) dp[i][j]=dp[i-1][j-1];
else dp[i][j]=min({dp[i-1][j-1]+2,dp[i-1][j]+1,dp[i][j-1]+1});
}
}
return dp[word1.size()][word2.size()];
}
};
72-编辑距离
题目链接:LeetCode-72困难
思考
dp[i][j] 表示以下标i-1为结尾的字符串word1,
和以下标j-1为结尾的字符串word2,最近编辑距离为dp[i][j]。
四个递推公式
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1]
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1] + 1
dp[i][j] = dp[i][j - 1] + 1
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j] + 1
class Solution {
public:
int minDistance(string word1, string word2) {
vector<vector<int>> dp(word1.size() + 1, vector<int>(word2.size() + 1, 0));
for (int i = 0; i <= word1.size(); i++) dp[i][0] = i;
for (int j = 0; j <= word2.size(); j++) dp[0][j] = j;
for (int i = 1; i <= word1.size(); i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= word2.size(); j++) {
if (word1[i - 1] == word2[j - 1]) {
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];
}
else {
dp[i][j] = min({dp[i - 1][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j], dp[i][j - 1]}) + 1;
}
}
}
return dp[word1.size()][word2.size()];
}
};