Android通过UDP连接实现简单的实时通信
- 首先是服务端(java),开发工具自己选择哦。下面先贴上代码------这是一个比较弱的程序,要客户端先发个信息过来,才能通信。。
- 能帮助到大家当然是最好的了
package com.xd.udpapplication.udp;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class UdpServer {
private InetAddress mInetAddress;
private int mPort = 7777;
private DatagramSocket mSocket;
private Scanner scanner;
//main方法是启动自执行的,相信小伙伴们都知道吧
public static void main(String[] args) {
new UdpServer().start();
}
//1.UdpServer的构造方法
public UdpServer(){
try {
mInetAddress = InetAddress.getLocalHost();//本机的IP地址
mSocket = new DatagramSocket(mPort,mInetAddress);//建立通信(两个参数,一个端口号,一个ip地址;注意,端口号不要冲突)
scanner = new Scanner(System.in);//这是最基本的了,获得输入
scanner.useDelimiter("\n");//回车结束
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//2.我们新建一个开始启动的方法
public void start(){
while (true){
try {
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];//字节数组,你可以理解是起一个缓存作用的,传输的数据最长不超过1024个字节
//拿到客户端发来的信息
DatagramPacket receivedPacket = new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length);
mSocket.receive(receivedPacket);
InetAddress address = receivedPacket.getAddress();//客户端地址
int port = receivedPacket.getPort();//客户端端口
//将字节数组数据解析成字符串
String clientMsg = new String(receivedPacket.getData(),0,receivedPacket.getLength());
//打印出来
System.out.println("address = "+address+";prot = "+port+";msg = "+clientMsg);
String returnedMsg = scanner.next();//输入要发给客户端的信息,然后回车
byte[] returnedMsgBytes = returnedMsg.getBytes();//同理啊
DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(returnedMsgBytes,
returnedMsgBytes.length,
receivedPacket.getSocketAddress());//receivedPacket.getSocketAddress()客户端的地址
mSocket.send(sendPacket);//发送信息
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
下面是客户端的,既然是安卓的,第一件事,先将网络权限打开
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
我这边是在项目中新建一个UdpClient类
package com.xd.udpapplication.biz;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
public class UdpClientBiz {
private String mServerIp = "192.168.0.114";//本机的地址,因为我是用模拟器的,本机地址,cmd工具中ipconfig即能看到
private InetAddress mServerAddress;
private int mServerPort = 7777;//端口号
private DatagramSocket mSocket;
//构造方法
public UdpClientBiz(){
try {
mServerAddress = InetAddress.getByName(mServerIp);
mSocket = new DatagramSocket();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public interface OnMsgReturnedListener{
void onMsgReturned(String msg);
void onError(Exception ex);
}
//发送数据给服务端的方法 msg:发送的数据 OnMsgReturnedListener 接口是为了拿到收到的信息,因为你要发消息,肯定收消息的
public void sendMsg(String msg ,OnMsgReturnedListener listener){
//因为是耗时操作,所以这边开了个子线程
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
try {
//下面一大堆和服务端的代码基本上一样,无非就是一个是从控制台输的数据,一个从页面输的
byte[] clientMsgBytes = msg.getBytes();
DatagramPacket clientPacket = new DatagramPacket(clientMsgBytes,
clientMsgBytes.length,
mServerAddress,
mServerPort);
mSocket.send(clientPacket);
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket serverMsgPacket = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
mSocket.receive(serverMsgPacket);
String serverMsg = new String(serverMsgPacket.getData(),0,serverMsgPacket.getLength());
listener.onMsgReturned(serverMsg);//收到的服务端消息
} catch (Exception e) {//防止有错误,大家有错误不要老是去规避,要想办法将错误打印出来
listener.onError(e);
}
}
}.start();
}
//释放一下资源也是极好的
public void onDestroy(){
if (mSocket != null) {
mSocket.close();
}
}
}
下面是安卓页面的代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:padding="16dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<!--发送的按钮-->
<Button
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/btn_send"/>
<!--输入内容-->
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/id_et_msg"
android:id="@+id/id_et_msg"/>
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_below="@id/id_et_msg">
<!--聊天记录-->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/text_content"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</ScrollView>
</RelativeLayout>
下面页面的java代码
package com.xd.udpapplication;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.xd.udpapplication.biz.UdpClientBiz;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button sendButton;
private EditText etMsg;
private TextView textView;
private UdpClientBiz udpClientBiz = new UdpClientBiz();//初始化客户端的,以便需要用的地方来使用
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
//点击监听
sendButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String msg = etMsg.getText().toString();
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(msg)) {
return;
}
//这边先显示下发送的信息
textView.append("client:"+msg+"\n");
//调用sendMsg方法,传入发送的消息与实现OnMsgReturnedListener
udpClientBiz.sendMsg(msg, new UdpClientBiz.OnMsgReturnedListener() {
@Override
public void onMsgReturned(String msg) {
//收到的信息
textView.append("server:"+msg+"\n");
}
@Override
public void onError(Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();//有错误打印出错误
}
});
}
});
}
private void initView() {//初始化要用的控件
sendButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
etMsg = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.id_et_msg);
textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_content);
}
}