centos7 MongoDB安装

数据库是“按照数据结构来组织、存储和管理数据的仓库”。是一个长期存储在计算机内的、有组织的、可共享的、统一管理的大量数据的集合。

数据库分为：关系型数据库和非关系型数据库

关系型数据库：存储的格式可以直观地反映实体间的关系。常见的关系型数据库有Mysql，SqlServer等

非关系型数据库（NoSQL）：随着近些年技术方向的不断拓展，大量的NoSql数据库如MongoDB、Redis、Memcache出于简化数据库结构、避免冗余、影响性能的表连接、摒弃复杂分布式的目的被设计。------------以上摘自百度

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一、MongoDB安装

• 这里安装MongoDB3.4版本，依据官网给的安装文档进行安装MongoDB官网
• 这里我也跟着做了一遍

1、 移出原有的yum源文件，写入新的

[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /media/
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb.repo
[mongodb3.4]
name=mongodb3.4
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/3.4/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-3.4.asc

2、验证一下

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
mongodb3.4                                                                                    | 2.5 kB  00:00:00     
mongodb3.4/7/primary_db                                                                       |  99 kB  00:00:06     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id                                                 repo name                                              status
mongodb3.4/7                                            mongodb3.4                                             125
repolist: 125

3、查看一下可安装的包，这里我们安装mongodb-org就可以，其他的会作为依赖被安装。

[root@localhost ~]# yum list|grep mongodb
mongodb-org.x86_64                    3.4.24-1.el7                    mongodb3.4
mongodb-org-mongos.x86_64             3.4.24-1.el7                    mongodb3.4
mongodb-org-server.x86_64             3.4.24-1.el7                    mongodb3.4
mongodb-org-shell.x86_64              3.4.24-1.el7                    mongodb3.4
mongodb-org-tools.x86_64              3.4.24-1.el7                    mongodb3.4

4、进行安装，时间会有些长，难心等待就好了

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y mongodb-org
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
mongodb3.4                                                                                    | 2.5 kB  00:00:00     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mongodb-org.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mongodb-org-tools = 3.4.24 for package: mongodb-org-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mongodb-org-shell = 3.4.24 for package: mongodb-org-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mongodb-org-server = 3.4.24 for package: mongodb-org-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mongodb-org-mongos = 3.4.24 for package: mongodb-org-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mongodb-org-mongos.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package mongodb-org-server.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package mongodb-org-shell.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package mongodb-org-tools.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=====================================================================================================================
 Package                           Arch                  Version                     Repository                 Size
=====================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mongodb-org                       x86_64                3.4.24-1.el7                mongodb3.4                5.8 k
Installing for dependencies:
 mongodb-org-mongos                x86_64                3.4.24-1.el7                mongodb3.4                 12 M
 mongodb-org-server                x86_64                3.4.24-1.el7                mongodb3.4                 20 M
 mongodb-org-shell                 x86_64                3.4.24-1.el7                mongodb3.4                 11 M
 mongodb-org-tools                 x86_64                3.4.24-1.el7                mongodb3.4                 69 M

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total size: 112 M
Installed size: 287 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mongodb3.4/packages/mongodb-org-tools-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID a15703c6: NOKEY
Retrieving key from https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-3.4.asc
Importing GPG key 0xA15703C6:
 Userid     : "MongoDB 3.4 Release Signing Key <packaging@mongodb.com>"
 Fingerprint: 0c49 f373 0359 a145 1858 5931 bc71 1f9b a157 03c6
 From       : https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-3.4.asc
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mongodb-org-server-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                            1/5 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mongod.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service.
  Installing : mongodb-org-shell-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                             2/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-mongos-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                            3/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-tools-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                             4/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                                   5/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-tools-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                             1/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-mongos-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                            2/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-shell-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                             3/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                                   4/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-server-3.4.24-1.el7.x86_64                                                            5/5 

Installed:
  mongodb-org.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7                                                                                  

Dependency Installed:
  mongodb-org-mongos.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7                  mongodb-org-server.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7                 
  mongodb-org-shell.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7                   mongodb-org-tools.x86_64 0:3.4.24-1.el7                  

Complete!

二、MongoDB的使用

1.启动MongoDB，查看一点映射的端口

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mongod

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntpl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27017         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      17977/mongod        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1459/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2640/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1459/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2640/master         

2.进入MongoDB

• 本机可直接运行命令mongo进入

[root@localhost ~]# mongo
mongo         mongodump     mongofiles    mongooplog    mongorestore  mongostat     
mongod        mongoexport   mongoimport   mongoperf     mongos        mongotop      
[root@localhost ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version v3.4.24
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017
MongoDB server version: 3.4.24
Welcome to the MongoDB shell.
For interactive help, type "help".
For more comprehensive documentation, see
	http://docs.mongodb.org/
Questions? Try the support group
	http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-user
Server has startup warnings: 
2020-12-03T08:24:30.624-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2020-12-03T08:24:30.624-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
2020-12-03T08:24:30.624-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **          Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2020-12-03T08:24:30.624-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2020-12-03T08:24:30.625-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2020-12-03T08:24:30.625-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2020-12-03T08:24:30.625-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'
2020-12-03T08:24:30.625-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2020-12-03T08:24:30.625-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2020-12-03T08:24:30.625-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'
2020-12-03T08:24:30.625-0500 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
> 

• 如果MongoDB的监听端口不是默认的27017，就需要加上 --port 选项

[root@localhost ~]#mongo --port 27019

• 远程连接加 --host 选项

[root@localhost ~]#mongo --host  127.0.0.1

• 设置了验证信息，连接时需要用户名和密码

[root@localhost ~]#mongo -uusername -ppasswd --authenticationDatabasedb