#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import cv2
import numpy as np
def Process(img):
gaussian = cv2.GaussianBlur(img,(3,3),0,0,cv2.BORDER_DEFAULT) # 高斯平滑
median = cv2.medianBlur(gaussian,5) # 中值滤波
sobel = cv2.Sobel(median,cv2.CV_8U,1,0,ksize=3) # Sobel算子
ret,binary = cv2.threshold(sobel,175,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY) #灰度值小于175的点置0,灰度值大于175的点置255
#最后的参数是阈值类型,对应一个公式,一般用这个就可以
element1 = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT,(9,1)) # 膨胀和腐蚀操作的核函数
element2 = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT,(9,7))
dilation = cv2.dilate(binary,element2,iterations=1) # 膨胀一次,让轮廓突出
erosion = cv2.erode(dilation,element1,iterations=1) # 腐蚀一次,去掉细小杂点
dilation2 = cv2.dilate(erosion,element2,iterations=3) # 再次膨胀,让轮廓更明显
# 存储中间图片
cv2.imwrite("binary.png",binary)
cv2.imwrite("dilation.png",dilation)
cv2.imwrite("erosion.png",erosion)
cv2.imwrite("dilation2.png",dilation2)
return dilation2
def GetRegion(img):
regions = []
# 查找轮廓
_,contours,hierarchy = cv2.findContours(img, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
# 筛选面积小的
for contour in contours:
# 计算该轮廓的面积
area = cv2.contourArea(contour)
# 面积小的都筛选掉
if (area < 2000):
continue
# 轮廓近似,作用很小
epslion = 1e-3 * cv2.arcLength(contour,True)
approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(contour,epslion,True)
# epsilon,是从轮廓到近似轮廓的最大距离。是一个准确率参数,好的epsilon的选择可以得到正确的输出。True决定曲线是否闭合。
# 找到最小的矩形,该矩形可能有方向
rect = cv2.minAreaRect(contour)
# box是四个点的坐标
box = cv2.boxPoints(rect)
box = np.int0(box)
## 计算高和宽
height = abs(box[0][1] - box[2][1])
weight = abs(box[0][0] - box[2][0])
# 车牌正常情况下长高比在2-5之间
radio = float(weight) / float(height)
if (radio > 2 and radio <5.5):
regions.append(box)
return regions
def detect(img):
# 灰度化
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# 预处理及形态学处理,得到可以查找矩形的图片
prc = Process(gray)
# 得到车牌轮廓
regions = GetRegion(prc)
print('[INFO]:Detct %d license plates' % len(regions))
# 用绿线画出这些找到的轮廓
for box in regions:
cv2.drawContours(img,[box],0,(0,255,0),3)
cv2.imshow('Result', img)
# 保存结果文件名
cv2.imwrite('result.jpg', img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
# 切割图片 将标出的图片切割出来
x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(box)
rect = (x, y, w, h)
mask = np.zeros(img.shape[:2], np.uint8)
bgdModel = np.zeros((1, 65), np.float64)
fgdModel = np.zeros((1, 65), np.float64)
cv2.grabCut(img, mask, rect, bgdModel, fgdModel, 5, cv2.GC_INIT_WITH_RECT)
mask2 = np.where((mask == 2) | (mask == 0), 0, 1).astype('uint8')
img = img * mask2[:, :, np.newaxis]
cv2.imshow('l', img)
# 保存结果文件名
cv2.imwrite('l.jpg', img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
if __name__=='__main__':
# 输入的参数为图片的路径
img = cv2.imread('/home/xiaoshiguang/PycharmProjects/untitled/venv/1/1.jpg')
detect(img)
车牌识别---车牌定位及分割
最新推荐文章于 2024-09-12 16:46:00 发布