1.配置文件类型
1.1 properties文件
同以前的properties用法
@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
private String name;
private boolean gender;
private Date birthday;
private List<String> hobbys;
private Car car;
private Map<String,Car> carMap;
private Map<String,List<Car>> mapList;
}
# 配置Person信息
person.name=张三
person.gender=true
person.birthday=2020/12/12
person.hobbys=[编程,音乐,篮球]
person.car.label=奥迪
person.car.price=200000.0
# Map<String,Car>
person.car-map.AAA.label=奔驰
person.car-map.AAA.price=500000.0
# Map<String,List<Car>>
person.map-list.BBB[0].label=沃尔沃
person.map-list.BBB[0].price=600000.0
person.map-list.BBB[1].label=比亚迪
person.map-list.BBB[1].price=500000.0
@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootCh03ConfigApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private Person person;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
System.out.println(person);
}
}
1.2 YAML 的用法
YAML 是 “YAML Ain’t Markup Language”(YAML 不是一种标记语言)的递归缩写。在开发的这种语言时,YAML 的意思其实是:“Yet Another Markup Language”(仍是一种标记语言)。
非常适合用来做以数据为中心的配置文件。
1)、基本语法
key: value;kv之间有空格
大小写敏感
使用缩进表示层级关系
缩进不允许使用tab,只允许空格
缩进的空格数不重要,只要相同层级的元素左对齐即可
'#'表示注释
字符串无需加引号,如果要加,单引号’’、双引号""表示字符串内容会被 转义 / 不转义
2)、数据类型
字面量:单个的、不可再分的值。date、boolean、string、number、null
k: v
对象:键值对的集合。map、hash、object
#行内写法:
k: {k1: v1,k2: v2,k3: v3}
#或
k:
k1: v1
k2: v2
k3: v3
数组:一组按次序排列的值。array、list、queue、set
#行内写法:
k: [v1,v2,v3]
#或者
k:
- v1
- v2
- v3
3)、实例
@Data
public class Person {
private String userName;
private Boolean boss;
private Date birth;
private Integer age;
private Pet pet;
private String[] interests;
private List<String> animal;
private Map<String, Object> score;
private Set<Double> salarys;
private Map<String, List<Pet>> allPets;
}
@Data
public class Pet {
private String name;
private Double weight;
}
用yaml表示以上对象
person:
userName: zhangsan
boss: false
birth: 2019/12/12 20:12:33
age: 18
pet:
name: tomcat
weight: 23.4
interests: [篮球,游泳]
animal:
- jerry
- mario
score:
english:
first: 30
second: 40
third: 50
math: [131,140,148]
chinese: {first: 128,second: 136}
salarys: [3999,4999.98,5999.99]
allPets:
sick:
- {name: tom}
- {name: jerry,weight: 47}
health: [{name: mario,weight: 47}]
2.自定义类绑定的配置提示
You can easily generate your own configuration metadata file from items annotated with @ConfigurationProperties by using the spring-boot-configuration-processor jar. The jar includes a Java annotation processor which is invoked as your project is compiled.——link(https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.4.2/reference/htmlsingle/#configuration-metadata-annotation-processor)
自定义的类和配置文件绑定一般没有提示。若要提示,添加如下依赖:
<!-- 自定义的类和配置文件绑定有提示 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- 下面插件作用是工程打包时,不将spring-boot-configuration-processor打进包内,让其只在编码的时候有用 -->
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>