初学Mybatis

Mybatis理解：

应用于持久层的框架，通过简单的XML或注解操作数据库，极大的简化（免除）了JDBC代码和获取结果集的操作。

第一个mybatis程序

思路：搭建环境–>导入Mybatis–>编写代码–>测试

1、环境搭建

1.1搭建数据库，例：

CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;

USE `mybatis`;

CREATE TABLE `user`(
	`id` INT(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
	`pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`) VALUES  
(1,'张三','123456'),
(2,'李四','123456'),
(3,'王五','123456')

1.2新建一个maven项目，导入依赖

    <groupId>com.fei</groupId>
    <artifactId>MybatisStudy</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <!--配置mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2、创建一个模块

• 编写一个mybatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="zhao1234"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/mfei/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

• 编写mybatis工具类

public class MybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            //获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSession getsqlSession(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        return sqlSession;
    }

}

3、编写接口和配置文件

3.1 dao接口

public interface UserDao {
    List<User> getUserList();
    //万能的map
    User addUser(Map<String,Object> map);
}

3.2 接口实现类由原来的UserDaoImpl转变为一个Mapper配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace绑定一个对用的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.mfei.dao.UserDao">
  <select id="selectBlog" resultType="com.mfei.domain.User">
       select * from `user` where id = 1
  </select>
  <insert id="addUser" parameterType="map" resultType="com.mfei.domain.User">
      insert into `user`(id,`name`,pwd) values (#{userid},#{username},#{possword})
  </insert>
</mapper>

4、测试

@test
public void test(){
    //获取sqlSession对象
   
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getsqlSession();
    try {
        UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);//查询数据库
        List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        //关闭sqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}
 //不用try catch
@Test
public void addUser(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getsqlSession();

    UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);

    mapper.addUser(new User(4,"haha","123456"));

    sqlSession.commit(); //事务需要经行提交操作
    sqlSession.close();
}

5、可能遇到的问题

5.1 maven由于他的约定大于配置，我们之后可能遇到我们写的配置文件，无法被导出或者生效的问题，解决方案：
在pom.xml中

    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

5.2 由于mysql版本过高引起的时区异常
报错：### Error querying database. Cause: java.sql.SQLException: The server time zone value '�й���׼ʱ��' is unrecognized or represents more than one time zone. You must configure either the server or JDBC driver (via the 'serverTimezone' configuration property) to use a more specifc time zone value if you want to utilize time zone support.

<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"/>

在连接数据库url后加 &serverTimezone=GMT%2B8

5.3 对连接数据库属性可编写一个配置文件
db.properties

driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username=root
password=zhao1234

之后在核心配置文件中引入

<properties resource="db.properties">
//也可以在其中增加一些属性配置
//在此处添加的属性优先级高于引入配置文件中的属性
</properties>