hive中case when then else end 函数和dense_rank()over()函数的用法

hive中case when then else end 函数和dense_rank()over()函数的用法

数据
Employee 表包含所有员工信息，每个员工有其对应的工号 Id，姓名 Name，工资 Salary 和部门编号 DepartmentId 。

+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name  | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1  | Joe   | 85000  | 1            |
| 2  | Henry | 80000  | 2            |
| 3  | Sam   | 60000  | 2            |
| 4  | Max   | 90000  | 1            |
| 5  | Janet | 69000  | 1            |
| 6  | Randy | 85000  | 1            |
| 7  | Will  | 70000  | 1            |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+

Department 表包含公司所有部门的信息。

+----+----------+
| Id | Name     |
+----+----------+
| 1  | IT       |
| 2  | Sales    |
+----+----------+

需求
编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门获得前三高工资的所有员工。例如，根据上述给定的表，查询结果应返回：

+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT         | Max      | 90000  |
| IT         | Randy    | 85000  |
| IT         | Joe      | 85000  |
| IT         | Will     | 70000  |
| Sales      | Henry    | 80000  |
| Sales      | Sam      | 60000  |
+------------+----------+--------+

答案

select
case DepartmentId when '1' then 'IT' else 'Sales' end as Department ,
name,
Salary 
from
(

select 
*
from
(
select 
name,
salary,
DepartmentId,
dense_rank()over(partition by DepartmentId order by Salary desc) rank
from
Employee
)t
where rank<4
)t2
;
+-------------+--------+---------+
| department  |  name  | salary  |
+-------------+--------+---------+
| IT          | Max    | 90000   |
| IT          | Joe    | 85000   |
| IT          | Randy  | 85000   |
| IT          | Will   | 70000   |
| Sales       | Henry  | 80000   |
| Sales       | Sam    | 60000   |
+-------------+--------+---------+

解析:

--判断函数case when 的两种用法 1.
case DepartmentId when '1' then 'IT' else 'Sales' end 
--case when 的两种用法 2.
case  when DepartmentId= '1' then 'IT' else 'Sales' end
--稠密排序函数的用法类似于正常排序
row_number()over(partition by DepartmentId order by Salary desc)
dense_rank()over(partition by DepartmentId order by Salary desc)