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格式

%% Displayed equations can be tagged using various environments. 
%% Single line equations can be tagged using the equation environment.
\begin{equation}
f(x) = (x+a)(x+b)
\end{equation}

%% Unnumbered equations are tagged using starred versions of the environment.
%% amsmath package needs to be loaded for the starred version of equation environment.
\begin{equation*}
f(x) = (x+a)(x+b)
\end{equation*}

%% align or eqnarray environments can be used for multi line equations.
%% & is used to mark alignment points in equations.
%% \\ is used to end a row in a multiline equation.
\begin{align}
 f(x) &= (x+a)(x+b) \\
      &= x^2 + (a+b)x + ab
\end{align}

这里的&的作用，\\的作用，分别是对齐和结束这一行公式

\begin{eqnarray}
 f(x) &=& (x+a)(x+b) \nonumber\\ %% If equation numbering is not needed for a row use \nonumber.
      &=& x^2 + (a+b)x + ab
\end{eqnarray}

不需要编号的多行公式

%% Unnumbered versions of align and eqnarray
\begin{align*}
 f(x) &= (x+a)(x+b) \\
      &= x^2 + (a+b)x + ab
\end{align*}

\begin{eqnarray*}
 f(x)&=& (x+a)(x+b) \\
     &=& x^2 + (a+b)x + ab
\end{eqnarray*}

更多公式的书写，可以参考下面这些网站

%% Refer following link for more details.
%% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Mathematics
%% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Advanced_Mathematics

插入图片

%% Use figure environment to create figures
%% Refer following link for more details.
%% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Floats,_Figures_and_Captions
\begin{figure}[t]%% placement specifier
%% Use \includegraphics command to insert graphic files. Place graphics files in 
%% working directory.
\centering%% For centre alignment of image.
\includegraphics{example-image-a}
%% Use \caption command for figure caption and label.
\caption{Figure Caption}\label{fig1}
%% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Importing_Graphics#Importing_external_graphics
\end{figure}

插入表格

%% Use a table environment to create tables.
%% Refer following link for more details.
%% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Tables
\begin{table}[t]%% placement specifier
%% Use tabular environment to tag the tabular data.
%% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Tables#The_tabular_environment
\centering%% For centre alignment of tabular.
\begin{tabular}{l c r}%% Table column specifiers
%% Tabular cells are separated by &
  1 & 2 & 3 \\ %% A tabular row ends with \\
  4 & 5 & 6 \\
  7 & 8 & 9 \\
\end{tabular}
%% Use \caption command for table caption and label.
\caption{Table Caption}\label{fig1}
\end{table}

附录部分

%% The Appendices part is started with the command \appendix;
%% appendix sections are then done as normal sections
\appendix


Appendix text.

%% For citations use: 
%%       \cite{<label>} ==> [1]

%%
Example citation, See \cite{lamport94}.

关于论文的参考文献，有两种方式

第一种方式
%% If you have bib database file and want bibtex to generate the
%% bibitems, please use
%%
%%  \bibliographystyle{elsarticle-num} 
%%  \bibliography{<your bibdatabase>}

第二种方式：
%% else use the following coding to input the bibitems directly in the
%% TeX file.

%% Refer following link for more details about bibliography and citations.
%% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Bibliography_Management


\begin{thebibliography}{00}

%% For numbered reference style
%% \bibitem{label}
%% Text of bibliographic item

\bibitem{lamport94}
  Leslie Lamport,
  \textit{\LaTeX: a document preparation system},
  Addison Wesley, Massachusetts,
  2nd edition,
  1994.

\end{thebibliography}

内联的公式，或者说行间公式

%% Inline mathematics is tagged between $ symbols.

This is an example for the symbol $\alpha$ tagged as inline mathematics.

子节

%% Use \subsection commands to start a subsection.
\subsection{Learning-based Methods}
\label{subsec1}

Subsection text.

%% Use \subsubsection, \paragraph, \subparagraph commands to 
%% start 3rd, 4th and 5th level sections.
%% Refer following link for more details.
%% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Document_Structure#Sectioning_commands

\usepackage{lineno} 添加行号需要添加的包

%%Graphical abstract
\begin{graphicalabstract}
%\includegraphics{grabs}
\end{graphicalabstract}

%%Research highlights
\begin{highlights}
\item Research highlight 1
\item Research highlight 2
\end{highlights}

他们都是单独一页

%% The lineno packages adds line numbers. Start line numbering with
%% \begin{linenumbers}, end it with \end{linenumbers}. Or switch it on
%% for the whole article with \linenumbers.
%% \usepackage{lineno}

\documentclass[preprint,12pt]{elsarticle}
其中，preprint 表示预印本，12pt 表示字体大小为 12 磅。

[preprint,review,12pt] 是传递给elsarticle文档类的选项：

preprint: 这个选项意味着文档将被格式化为预印本样式，通常用于发送给期刊进行评审或供作者在个人网站上发布。

review: 这个选项可能是为了告诉文档类，这是一个正在评审过程中的版本。它可能会影响某些元素的格式或布局，以便更容易进行评审。

12pt: 这个选项指定了文档的字体大小为12磅（point）。LaTeX支持多种字体大小，例如10pt、11pt和12pt。12pt是最常见的选择之一，它使文档更易于阅读。

%% Use the option review to obtain double line spacing
\documentclass[preprint,review,12pt]{elsarticle}

review就是获得双倍行距的意思

%% Use the options 1p,twocolumn; 3p; 3p,twocolumn; 5p; or 5p,twocolumn
%% for a journal layout:
%%\documentclass[final,1p,times]{elsarticle}
%%\documentclass[final,1p,times,twocolumn]{elsarticle}
%%\documentclass[final,3p,times]{elsarticle}
%%\documentclass[final,3p,times,twocolumn]{elsarticle}
%% \documentclass[final,5p,times]{elsarticle}
%% \documentclass[final,5p,times,twocolumn]{elsarticle}

preprint：用于初步提交和审阅过程。
5p：使用五页布局，这是一种更紧凑的期刊布局。
times：设置文档字体为 Times New Roman。
twocolumn：设置文档为双栏布局。
如果要使用双栏排版，仅修改一下 documentclass 设置即可，这里给出一个双栏设置：

\documentclass[preprint,5p,times,twocolumn]{elsarticle}