filter过滤器练习utf-8编码转换

1.创建一个maven-web项目
2.导包导入依赖（pom.xml文件），servlet，jsp，jstl，standard，servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>javaweb-filter</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Servlet依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- jsp依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSTL表达式依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- standard标签库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 链接数据库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.23</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>
</project>

3.编写过滤器

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    //初始化
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");
    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        System.out.println("CHaracterEncodingFilter执行前");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
        System.out.println("CHaracterEncodingFilter执行后");
    }
    //销毁
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁");
    }
}

4.编写个servlet（为了方便练习就简单输出一句话）

public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.getWriter().write("你好，小袁!");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

5.配置web.xml文件（servlet和filter的都要配置）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="4.0"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
          http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         metadata-complete="true">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ShowSevlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.yuan.servlet.ShowServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ShowSevlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ShowSevlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.yuan.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

这里设置两条路径，前者是通过过滤器的，后者不通过

6.配置Tomcat
7.运行

• /servlet/show路径经过过滤器显示正常
  

• /show路径的显示乱码