web.xml中配置前端控制器的两种方式

一、默认路径方式

这种配置方式语句写的少，但是约束比较多。

1、servlet-name必须是springmvc
2、springmvc配置文件的文件名必须是springmvc-servlet.xml
3、springmvc-servlet.xml必须在WEB-INF文件夹下

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>SSM</display-name>

  <servlet>
    <!--必须是`springmvc`-->
  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

springmvc-servlet.xml
文件名必须是这个，且必须在WEB-INF文件夹下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
     
     <!-- 开始基本注解 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm"></context:component-scan>
  	<!-- 内部资源视图解析器 -->
	<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>

二、指定路径方式

需要在init-param中指定配置文件路径。
1、servlet-name必须是dispatcherServlet

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>SSM</display-name>
  
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<init-param>
		<!--指定路径-->
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
  	</init-param> 
	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>